Up to 25% of tuberculosis cases present extrapulmonary involvement. This is produced by hematogenous and lymphatic spread of the M. tuberculosis bacillus to other organs. The most common locations are the lymph nodes, pleura and the osteoarticular system. The problem with these types of tuberculosis is the difficulty in establishing a definitive diagnosis, since the clinical symptoms and result...

Diabetes mellitus is associated with tuberculosis. A cohort of 42,116 clients aged 65 years or more, enrolled at 18 Elderly Health Service centers in Hong Kong in 2000, were followed up prospectively through the territory-wide tuberculosis registry for development of tuberculosis from 3 months after enrollment to December 31, 2005, by use of their identity card numbers as unique identifier. The...

Genitourinary tuberculosis accounts for approximately 5.3% of extrapulmonary [1]. It may involve the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, vas deferens, epididymis, and testes. However, prostatic can exceptionally be found as an isolated lesion. We report a case 60-year-old patient who was admitted to emergency room with Acute urinary retention, treated benign hyperplasia, failure medical treatm...

Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) refers to involvement of two or more non-contiguous sites. It is a common mode of presentation of tuberculosis in patients both with and without HIV/AIDS in India. However, the presence of primary drug resistance in disseminated tuberculosis involving only the extrapulmonary sites in an immunocompetent adult is rare. Extrapulmonary TB accounts for approximately 15...

Background. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis is one of the most common forms of all extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Objective. To evaluate the magnitude of M. tuberculosis from lymph node biopsy paraffin-embedded sections among suspected patients visiting the Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Method. A cross-sectional study design of histological examination among lymph node biopsy paraffin-embedde...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a systemic infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is transmitted by coughed aerosol and usually presents with respiratory symptoms. However, it can produce disease in any organ system. Dissemination from the site of initial infection in the lung can take place at the time of primary infection or years later, when immunologic containment fails. The practitioner s...

Tuberculosis is the common infection in the endemic regions. It primarily infects lungs and extrapulmonary involvement is rare. Common sites of extrapulmonary disease include lymphnodes, intestine, genitourinary system, bone marrow, central nervous system and musculoskeletal system. The most common affected sites in musculoskeletal system are the spine, hip and knee. Hand involvement by tubercu...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is difficult using conventional diagnostic methods. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosis of definitive and probable extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients, and to assess the performance of insertion sequence (IS) 6110 based PCR assay as compared to conventional culture b...

Tuberculosis is an increasingly important public health problem in developing countries. We studied 111 tuberculosis patients confirmed by mycobacteria isolation between 1998 and 2000 in Rio Grande, in south Brazil. One-hundred-thirteen pulmonary and extrapulmonary clinical materials were examined through culture by the Ogawa-Kudoh method and through smear examination by the Ziehl-Nielsen or Ki...

From Jan 1, 1981 to Oct 31, 1984, 24 of 280 (8.6 percent) patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had tuberculosis. No patient with both AIDS and tuberculosis was Haitian. In 15 patients, tuberculosis was diagnosed prior to or concomitant with the diagnosis of AIDS. Twelve patients (50 percent) had Mycobacterium tuberculosis grown from at least one extrapulmonary site. Although ...