Phloem sap from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was collected from young and mature leaves by the aphid-stylet technique. Exudate was analyzed for carbohydrates by HPLC using sensitive pulsed amperometric detection. The predominant carbohydrate present (>90%) was identified as sucrose. A second, unidentified compound that was not one of the more commonly translocated sugars was detected in matur...

Bacillus cereus UW85 suppresses diseases of alfalfa seedlings, although alfalfa seed exudate inhibits the growth of UW85 in culture (J. L. Milner, S. J. Raffel, B. J. Lethbridge, and J. Handelsman, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 43:685-691, 1995). In this study, we determined the chemical basis for and biological role of the inhibitory activity. All of the alfalfa germ plasm tested included seeds...

Stimulation of hatching of a tobacco cyst nematode (Globodera tabacum solanacearum) by root exudates from resistant NC 567 and susceptible K 326 cultivars of flue-cured tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, was investigated. Root exudates were collected by soaking seedlings in deionized water for 2 hours at 22 degrees C in the dark. Fifteen mature and uniformly sized cysts were exposed at 15, 20, or 25 d...

Exudative fluids were collected from packages of five brands of all-beef wieners and inoculated to contain 10(4) to 10(5) CFU of a three-strain (Scott A, V7, and 101M) mixture of Listeria monocytogenes per ml. Listeriae were inactivated (decrease of 0.61 to 3.8 log10 CFU/ml) in all five exudates held at 4 degrees C for 29 days. L. monocytogenes grew (increase of 1.7 to 3.6 log10 CFU/ml) in two ...

1. When peritoneal exudates are produced in the rabbit by the injection of a large volume of isotonic saline, nearly all the cells in the exudate are polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and the number contained in a single exudate may exceed the entire number originally present in the circulation. 2. The migration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes from the blood stream into the exudate is followed by a...

We hypothesized that plant exudates could either gel or disperse soil depending on their chemical characteristics. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Optic) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Freya) root exudates were collected using an aerated hydroponic method and compared with chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed exudate, a commonly used root exudate analogue. Sandy loam soil was passed through a 500-μm mesh...

By using experimentally infected rabbits as a model for early syphilis, the applicability of in vitro DNA amplification was explored for detection of Treponema pallidum. It was determined that whole blood in heparin or EDTA (but not serum), lesion exudate, and punch biopsy as well as swabs of lesions are useful specimens for examination by the polymerase chain reaction. Swabs do not require spe...

Retinal exudates are typically manifested as spatially random yellow/white patches of varying sizes and shapes. They are a characteristic feature of retinal diseases such as diabetic maculopathy. An automatic method for the detection of exudate regions is introduced comprising image colour normalisation, enhancing the contrast between the objects and background, segmenting the colour retinal im...

Early and precise detection of diabetic retinopathy prevents vision impairments through computer-aided clinical procedures. Identifying the symptoms processing those by using sophisticated procedures reduces hemorrhage kind risks. The input images are influenced computer vision-based processes for segmentation classification feature extractions. In this article, a delimiting knowledge learning ...

We considered the relationship among exudate, wound area, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and reepithelialization during wound healing. Full-thickness wounds were made on the dorsum of mice. The weight of exudate absorbed into the dressing as well as the wound area was determined daily. Sections of the wounds were stained with anti-LYVE-1 and CD31 antibodies. Indian ink was injected into the w...