BACKGROUND The sesquiterpene (E)-ß-farnesene is the main component of the alarm pheromone system of various aphid species studied to date, including the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae. Aphid natural enemies, such as the marmalade hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus and the multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis, eavesdrop on aphid chemical communication and utilize (E)-ß-farnesene as ...

In Europe, willow (Salix spp.) trees have been used commercially since the 1980s at a large scale to produce renewable energy. While reducing fossil fuel needs, growing short rotation coppices (SRCs), such as poplar or willow, may high impact on local air quality these species are known amounts of isoprene, which can lead production tropospheric ozone (O3). Here, we present long-term leaf-scale...

in this study, the quantity and quality of essential oil (eo) of chamomile cv. ‘bodegold’, moldavian dragonhead cv. ‘szk1’ and fennel cv. ‘soroksari’ were evaluated in shahrekord climate condition in spring 2014, shahrekord university. chamomile’ flowers and dragonhead’ herb were harvested at full flowering stage. fennel’ fruits were harvested at waxy and full-matured stages. the eo content of ...

Seven commercial hop (Humulus lupulus L.) oils originating from a selection of North American varieties (Amarillo, Azacca, Cascade, Centennial, Chinook, Saaz, and Ahhhroma) six homemade hydrodistilled the same pellets (except were compared. terpenes regarded as oil markers (i.e., α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, β-ocimene, limonene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene) methyl heptanoate identified quanti...

The present study investigates the aroma, key odorants and sensory profile of extra virgin olive oils from five well-known Turkish cultivars. aromatic extract obtained by purge trap extraction system, according to a analysis, resembled odor oil. A total 22, 21, 18, 22 21 aroma-active compounds were detected in extracts Ayvalık, Memecik, Gemlik, Sarı Ulak Beylik oils, respectively. results show ...

Essential oil yield and composition in aromatic crops might be affected by genetic, agronomical environmental factors but till date there is no clear information about the harvesting time distillation for higher essential content without affecting quality. The current study was carried out to evaluate of chamomile flowers herb with part at three different times (6 A.M., 12 P.M. 6 P.M.) four tre...

OBJECTIVE Public understanding of HPV is important to ensure informed participation in cervical cancer prevention programmes. While many studies have measured HPV knowledge, none has developed a validated measure for use across countries. We aimed to develop and validate such a measure. METHOD Items tapping knowledge of HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccination were developed from previous literat...

Jujube seed oil is pressed by Ziziphi Spinosae Semen，and widely cultivated in China with healthful. Here, we focused on illustrating the components and antioxidant activity of oil. The was analyzed GC-MS. vitro tested free radical scavenging. vivo using Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. results GC-MS showed that alkenes (e.g., d-limonene α-farnesene) were richest jujube experiments suggested poss...