Trends in major ionic components of bulk precipitation were analysed for two sites, Faskally and Loch Ard forest in Scotland, for the period 1972-2000. The pattern of change was not linear. Large reductions in sulphur deposition occurred in the early 1980s and, to a lesser extent, during 1995-2000, with a period of relative stability between 1988-95. pH increased significantly at both sites but...

Cut-to-length (CTL) timber harvesting technology currently accounts for approximately 90% of Caspian forests. The technology involves felling, branching, cross-cutting, and then the skidder carries the logs to a landing, where the timber is temporarily stored, sorted and assembled for transportation to the mill. Cut-to-length systems typically require less labor, less access road construction, ...

Cut-to-length (CTL) timber harvesting technology currently accounts for approximately 90% of Caspian forests. The technology involves felling, branching, cross-cutting, and then the skidder carries the logs to a landing, where the timber is temporarily stored, sorted and assembled for transportation to the mill. Cut-to-length systems typically require less labor, less access road construction, ...