toxic effects of trace elements upon the hypothalamic- pituitarytesticular axis and sex hormones have been reported in recent years. it is generally considered that cdcl2 poisoning causes histopathological changes in the testicles of male rats. little attention had been drawn to the possible toxic effects of cdcl2 on the ovary and female sex hormones. the purpose of the present study was to det...

The alcoholic extract of the roots of Polygonum hydropiper Linn. was fractionated by column adsorption chromatography. The various fractions obtained were tested for antifertility activity in female albino rats. Petroleum ether, petroleum ether +benzene (1:1 v/v) and benzene +chloroform (1:1 v/v) fractions prevented pregnancy in 8/10, 6/10 and 6/10 albino rats, respectively, while the first two...

Messenger RNA levels of rat organic anion transporter 1 (Oat1; Slc22a6) and Oat2 (Slc22a7) in kidney and Oat3 (Slc22a8) in liver are gender-predominant. Oat1 and Oat3 are male-predominant, whereas Oat2 is female-predominant. Gonadectomized and hypophysectomized (HX) rats were studied to determine whether sex steroids and/or growth hormone (GH) are responsible for these gender-divergent patterns...

In mammals, abnormal increases in fetal androgens disrupt normal development of the female phenotype. Due to the recent concern regarding environmental androgen-active chemicals, there is a need to identify sources of fetal androgen variation and sensitive developmental markers for androgenic activity in female rats. Anogenital distances (AGD), nipple retention, reproductive tract, and external...

2,6-Toluenediamine is used as an intermediate in the production of dyes for furs and textiles, and of flexible polyurethane foams and elastomers. A bioassay of 2,6-toluenediamine dihydrochloride for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by feeding diets containing the test chemical to F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Groups of 50 rats of each sex were fed the test chemical at two doses, 250 or 500 p...

To examine the influence of the sex hormones on mechanical properties and biochemistry of the adult heart, we studied left ventricular function and cardiac contractile proteins in hearts from 20-week-old male and female rats that had been gonadectomized at 18 days of age, compared with hearts from sham-operated animals. Testosterone and estradiol were not detectable in serum from male and femal...

Males are at greater risk for renal injury than females. This may relate to NOavailability because female rats have higher renal endothelial NO synthase (NOS) levels. Previously, we found susceptibility to proteinuria induced by NOS inhibition in male as compared to female rats. Dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia dosedependently decreased renal NOS activity and caused renal injury in female ...

The aim of this study was to determine if there are sex-related differences in the acute kidney injury induced by HgCl(2) since female rats express lower levels of renal Oat1 and Oat3 (transporters involved in renal uptake of mercury) as compared with males. Control males and females and Hg-treated male and female Wistar rats were employed. Animals were treated with HgCl(2) (4 mg/kg body weight...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of pretreatments such as gonadectomy in male and female rats, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) administration in female rats, on levels of secretion of melatonin, using an organ culture of pineal glands. Gonadectomy 2 weeks before the animal was killed increased the amount of melatonin secreted into the medium by the pineal...

Hepato- and nephrotoxicity of Khat consumption (Catha edulis Forskal) have been evoked. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate such possible hepatorenal toxicity in female and male Sprague-Dawley rats (SD rats) focusing primarily on liver and kidney. In addition, female and male rats were investigated separately. Accordingly, forty-eight SD-rats (100-120 g) were distributed randomly in...