Short-term experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a commercial Fe and an iron-bearing clay mineral, ferruginuous smectite (SWa-1), on the degradation of pentachloroethane (PCA). After 3 h of contact time, SWa-1 catalyzed PCA dehydrochlorination to tetrachloroethene (PCE, 65% conversion), whereas commercial Fe promoted PCA stepwise dechlorination via dehydrochlorination (approxi...

The discovery of multi-lithotypes olistostromes deposits associated with potentially economically viable iron ore mineralizations in the Rayat region NE Iraq are described this study. depositional and differentiation-classification characteristics distinct reported here through detailed petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical data, that allowed for mineralization mechanisms assessment hydrothe...

The Paleoproterozoic (2.5-1.6 Ga) Era is a decisive time in Earth and life history. The paleobiological record (microfossils, stromatolites, biomarkers and isotopes) illustrates the biosphere evolution during a time of transitional oceanic and atmosphere chemistries. Benthic microfossil assemblages are recorded in a variety of oxygenated, sulfidic, and ferruginous environments representative of...