Aim. There is no consensus about the normal fetal heart rate. Current international guidelines recommend for the normal fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline different ranges of 110 to 150 beats per minute (bpm) or 110 to 160 bpm. We started with a precise definition of "normality" and performed a retrospective computerized analysis of electronically recorded FHR tracings. Methods. We analyzed all re...

Medical technology is developing at an accelerated rate. Advances and refinement in techniques of electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring are continually being designed and tested. Many of these show real promise for the future. Never-theless, for the next several years there are two major considerations. First, a more universal application of FHR monitoring i.e., to the "normal" patient ä...

Doctoral thesis statement for obtaining the academic title of " Doctor " , Resume 23 Shrnutí 24 1 1 Problem introduction Fetal heart activity is the prominent source of information about the fetal well being during delivery. Cardiotocography (CTG) – recording of fetal heart rate (fHR) and uterine contractions (TOCO) enables obstetricians to detect possible ongoing fetal hypoxia, which may occur...

OBJECTIVE In this study, we wanted to model the emergence of coupling between fetal cardiac and somatic activity in normal and at-risk fetuses. STUDY DESIGN One hundred six fetuses of uncomplicated pregnancies were longitudinally monitored at 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 38 weeks of gestation by using a fetal actocardiograph and computerized data collection. Twenty-six fetuses of complicated pregn...

on scalp blood, such as measurement of lactate concentration, do not appear to improve diagnostic accuracy. Results of direct intrapartum monitoring of the neurological state of the fetus by electroencephalogram recordings'8 19 are difficult to interpret and once again probably identify only severe fetal distress. Against a background of slow technical progress there has been an increasing dema...

We present here 2 cases of acute and 2 cases of chronic massive fetomaternal hemorrhage. A sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern may indicate chronic fetomaternal hemorrhage, but, when increased variability is observed in fetal monitoring, maternal hemoglobin F should be measured to exclude acute fetomaternal hemorrhage.

Aims: To precisely diagnose Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) with actocardiogram (ACG), which is the simultaneous record of FHR and movement signal spikes. Method: Low frequency ultrasonic Doppler signal of fetal movement and high frequency Doppler of fetal heart beat were detected with single ultrasonic probe, and separated into two groups by a new electric circuit. FHR was recorded by autocorrelation h...

Objective This study aims to report our experience using the Monica AN24 (Monica Healthcare Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom), a maternal transabdominal fetal electrocardiographic monitor, in a case series of fetuses with arrhythmias. Study Design We recorded fetal electrocardiograms (fECGs) on subjects with fetal arrhythmias diagnosed by fetal echocardiogram. Fetal heart rate and rhythm were d...