introduction: it is well know that fetal distress is one of the important causes of fetus perinatal morbidity and mortality. in this study, we sought to evaluate the association between umbilical coiling index and fetal distress.material and method:this was a case- control study conducted on 90 term pregnant women. study group had fetal distress (abnormal fetal heart rate, meconium staining, ap...

nowadays, new advances in the use of cell free fetal dna (cffdna) in maternal plasma of pregnant women has provided the possibility of applying cffdna in prenatal diagnosis as a non-invasive method. in contrary to the risks of invasive methods that affect both mother and fetus, applying cffdna is proven to be highly effective with lower risk. one of the applications of prenatal diagnosis is fet...

In this article, the authors examine radiocarbon, histo-taphonomic, and contextual evidence for deliberate curation, manipulation, redeposition of human bone in British Bronze Age mortuary contexts. New radiocarbon dates histological analyses are combined with existing data to explore processes practices that resulted incorporation ‘relic’ fragments later graves, including re-opening previous b...

background: the discovery of circulating fetal dna in maternal blood led to the discovery of new strategies to perform noninvasive testing for prenatal diagnosis. objective: the purpose of the study was to detect fetal aneuploidy at chromosomes 13, 18, 21, x, and y by analysis of fetal cell-free dna from maternal blood, without endangering pregnancy. materials and methods: this retrospective st...

a full termed local ewe with the history of continuous straining with labored breathing for last 24 hours was presented. the animal was disinclined to move with tense and round abdomen which developed rapidly during last two weeks. caesarean section revealed hydrallantois accompanied by multiple fetal congenital abnormalities. the ewe was under observation for four weeks. metritis developed 12 ...