OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), which is used widely on networks, has a Router Dead Interval problem. If a (backup) designated router has stopped operation due to failure, the OSPF routers await a hello packet acknowledgment for the router dead interval to recognize that the designated router has ceased the operation. The Router Dead Interval is 40 sec This interval time is not only long for m...

The objective of this paper is to analyse the server utilization and delay tolerance of a patient monitoring wireless body area network (WBAN) in hospital premises. The WBAN considered in this paper uses three tier heterogeneous networking method for communication and the vital data packets are prioritized as normal and emergency packets. In network, first tier consists of ZigBee nodes, second ...

The main aim of this work is to establish a sensor MESH network using an ESP-MESH networking protocol with the ESP32 MCU (a Wi-Fi-enabled microcontroller) for indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring in real time. Each node deployed at different location on college campus includes arrays (CO2, CO, quality) interfaced ESP32. low-cost, easy-to-implement, medium-range, low-power option. microcont...

The rotor-router model, also known as the Propp machine, is a deterministic process analogous to a random walk on a graph [1]. Instead of distributing tokens to randomly chosen neighbors, the rotor-router model deterministically serves the neighbors in a fixed order by associating to each vertex a “rotor-router” pointing to one of its neighbors. The rotor-router model sometimes appears under th...

Shortage and salinity of irrigation water are two major constraints that influence rapeseed production in arid and semi-arid regions of central and southern Iran. In this study, effects of deficit irrigation with different salinity levels and planting methods (in-furrow and on-ridge) as strategies for coping with water and salinity stresses on yield and yield quality of rapeseed were invest...

<p>Wireless sensor networks (WSN), referring to groups of technologies wirelessly controlled, are widely used in many different fields, agriculture, medical, military, etc. These mainly for monitoring physical or environmental conditions, such as temperatures, sound, pressure, and so on. In WSN there Wi-Fi, radio frequency (RF), Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Furthermore, is one this technolo...

A linear phased array antenna excited with a novel composite right/left-handed (CRLH) phase shifters structure is proposed. The of the conventional CRLH transmission line controlled magnetically aligned micron-sized particles embedded inside unit cell line. cascading cells produces desired shifts for main beam scanning operating at 5.5 GHz center frequency Wi-Fi 6 applications. proposed shifter...