BACKGROUND Financial risk protection and equity are major components of universal health coverage (UHC), which is defined as ensuring access to health services for all citizens without any undue financial burden. We investigated progress towards UHC financial risk indicators and assessed variability of inequalities in financial risk protection indicators by wealth quintile. We further examined ...

The introduction of unemployment insurance savings accounts (UISA) in Chile in October 2002 brought in more comprehensive unemployment protection while decreasing the opportunity costs of job change. Being the first to empirically investigate the effect of UISA on employment duration, this paper examines (i) whether the introduction of UISA affected employment duration among formal private sect...

Extensive personal information is gathered explicitly or implicitly when a customer interacts with a firm. Significant risks are associated with handling such personal information. Providing protection may reduce risk of misuse or loss of private information, but it imposes some costs on the firm and its customers. Risk is associated with improper handling of sensitive customer information. Pro...

Intellectual property (IP) protection for bioinformatics databases plays a key role in accelerating development of biological sciences and biotechnological industry. This paper presents current and global position of IP protection in bioinformatics database. A protection method has been proposed after analysing characteristics of bioinformatics databases and considering different database prote...