Lethal time to mortality responses were established for eight insecticides against workers and soldiers of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, and workers of Reticulitermes virginicus (Banks). There were significant differences in the tolerance ratios between workers of C. formosanus colonies to all toxicants tested except fipronil. One colony was 16 times more to...

The utilization of molecular endpoints in ecotoxicology can provide rapid and valuable information on immediate organismal responses to chemical stressors and is increasingly used for mechanistic interpretation of effects at higher levels of biological organization. This study contributes knowledge on the sublethal effects of a commonly used insecticide, the phenylpyrazole fipronil, on larval f...

Fipronil is widely used against insects in agriculture and ectoparasites domestic areas veterinary medicine. However, fipronil may influence non-target species as a result of the contamination aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate acute sublethal effects freshwater mussels (Unio delicatus), species, with physiological, antioxidant action mechanisms histopathological observa...

BACKGROUND The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is undergoing a worldwide decline whose origin is still in debate. Studies performed for twenty years suggest that this decline may involve both infectious diseases and exposure to pesticides. Joint action of pathogens and chemicals are known to threaten several organisms but the combined effects of these stressors were poorly investigated in honeybees. ...

Background: Endosulfan, an organochlorine compound, and fipronil, a phenylpyrazole, are insecticides with a common mechanism of toxicity. They interfere with Clinflux by binding to the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR) and blocking the inhibitory actions of GABAA. In vivo they cause neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and can alter endocrine and immune systems. The th...

The causes underlying the increased mortality of honeybee colonies remain unclear and may involve multiple stressors acting together, including both pathogens and pesticides. Previous studies suggested that infection by the gut parasite Nosema ceranae combined with chronic exposure to sublethal doses of the insecticide fipronil generated an increase in oxidative stress in the midgut of honeybee...

Several reports suggested that rice seedling nursery-box application of some systemic insecticides (neonicotinoids and fipronil) is the cause of the decline in dragonfly species noted since the 1990s in Japan. We conducted paddy mesocosm experiments to investigate the effect of the systemic insecticides clothianidin, fipronil and chlorantraniliprole on rice paddy field biological communities. C...

Five insecticides used by urban pest management professionals for ant control and three experimental insecticides were tested to determine whether these insecticides were horizontally transferred among individuals in colonies of Argentine ants, Linepithema humile (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ants were exposed to insecticide-treated sand for 1 min and then placed in a colony of untreated an...

A biocidal product in gel form containing 0.05% fipronil active substance was used for pest control the habitat of thirteen Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) a zoo. Following application, sudden death observed three primates. Routine bacteriological, histopathological and toxicological analyses on one cadaver tissue samples from did not produce any pathogenic agent, pesticide pathognomonic fin...

Fipronil is a highly active, broad spectrum insecticide with increasing and wide use. The degradation of fipronil was studied in Brazilian soil under oxic anoxic conditions. Under conditions, the half-life 16.9 days, sulfone as main metabolite, no further during 30 days incubation. This accompanied by an increase bacterial archaeal ammonia oxidizers, well denitrifiers, microorganisms related to...