Fire is nearly ubiquitous in the terrestrial biosphere, with profound effects on earth surface carbon storage, climate, and forest functions. Fuel quality is an important parameter determining forest fire behavior, which differs among both tree species and organs. Fuel quality is not static: when dead plant material decomposes, its structural, chemical, and water dynamic properties change, with...

As well known, wildfire emits carbon into atmosphere for 1.7 to 4.1GtC/yr in entire earth (IPCC, Mack et al. 1996, Andreae et al. 2001). This is not negligible amount, corresponding to one quarter to one half of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission. Thus, accurate wild fire detection is important in estimation of the impact of wild fire and in disaster management. In fact, accuracy of wild fir...

Fire is a key Earth system process, with 80% of annual fire activity taking place in grassland areas. However, past fire regimes in grassland systems have been difficult to quantify due to challenges in interpreting the charcoal signal in depositional environments. To improve reconstructions of grassland fire regimes, it is essential to assess two key traits: (1) charcoal count, and (2) charcoa...

4 Wooster, M.J., Roberts, G., Freeborn, P. H., Xu, W., Govaerts, Y., Beeby, R., 5 He, J. , A. Lattanzio, Fisher, D., and Mullen, R. 6 7 8 1 King’s College London, Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Research Group, 9 Department of Geography , Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK. 10 2 NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), UK. 11 3 Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Hi...

Atmospheric oxygen (O(2)) is estimated to have varied greatly throughout Earth's history and has been capable of influencing wildfire activity wherever fuel and ignition sources were present. Fires consume huge quantities of biomass in all ecosystems and play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. This means that understanding the influence of O(2) on past fire activity has far-reaching co...

background: fire and explosion hazards are extremely important in processing units. this study was performed to identify the risk centers, the potential damage caused by fire and explosion, and the days of production cessation in the processing company. materials and methods: the present qualitative case study was conducted using dow’s index in 2015. the fire and explosion hazard index and leve...

NASA plans to launch the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the polar orbiting Earth Observation System (EOS) for morning and evening global observations in 1998 and afternoon and night observations in 2000. These 4 MODIS daily fire observations will advance global fire monitoring with special 1 km resolution fire channels at 4 μm and 11 μm, with high saturation at 500K an...