This paper displays how to derive the factors of Ubiquitous Sensor Network (hereafter, USN) technology that comprise inspection, plan, construction and maintenance ahead of launching construction of intercity highways that are the key to civil constructions for urbanization. And it also shows the plan of USN technologies currently adopted in each process of construction areas, grouped into Tunn...

Line type heat detectors (LTHD) are used since many years in road tunnels for reliable fire detection. Today various systems as semiconductor sensor cables, fiber-optic sensor cables, and pneumatic copper tube systems are in use. In addition, after first pilot installations done in the last years, the demand for applications of LTHD in railroad and metro tunnels as well as in underground statio...

This paper develops a novel modelling approach for ventilation flow in tunnels at ambient conditions (i.e. cold flow). The complexity of full CFD models of low in tunnels or the inaccuracies of simplistic assumptions are avoided by efficiently combining a simple, mono-dimensional approach to model tunnel regions where the flow is fully developed, with detailed CFD solutions where flow condition...

The main ridge of the Alps lays just crosses Austria. Therefore it is not surprising that most highways in Austria do have to pass through a lot of road tunnels. Among these tunnels, some of the world longest tunnels for vehicle traffic are found. For safety reasons today all long road tunnels are planed with two tubes. Two tubes allow one way traffic in each tube. In the case of one way traffi...

We investigate the ventilation conditions required to control propagation of smoke, produced by a tunnel fire, in presence two inertial forcings: transverse extraction system and longitudinal flow. For that purpose, we performed series experiments reduced-scale tunnel, using mixture air helium simulate release hot smoke during fire. Experiments were designed focus on flows allow buoyant be conf...

This study presents a methodology of quantitative risk assessment for the scenario an onboard hydrogen storage tank rupture and tunnel fire incident. The application is demonstrated on road tunnel. consequence analysis carried out 70 MPa, 62.4-litre in fire, that has thermally activated pressure relief device (TPRD) failed or blocked during Scenarios with two states charge (SoC) tank, i.e., SoC...