ABSTRACT Despite the deterrence effect generated by antitrust laws, fact is that many collusive agreements end up forming in economy. An essential task to understand how distinct market characteristics affect cartel profits and damages. This paper develops a theoretical model assess which of price-fixing are related greater damage consumers. Results indicate following as responsible for damage:...

Internet security was once based on trust and needs to be updated.

This paper includes a review of the relative importance of pretransplant complement-fixing and non-complementing-fixing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA antibodies (Abs). Sera from 565 adult cardiac transplant recipients were retrospectively analysed for the presence of HLA antibodies using complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), HLA-coated Luminex beads, and C4d deposition on Luminex...

BACKGROUND Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees are rare in late-successional temperate forests, even though these forests are often N limited. Two hypotheses could explain this paradox. The 'phylogenetic constraints hypothesis' states that no late-successional tree taxa in temperate forests belong to clades that are predisposed to N fixation. Conversely, the 'selective constraints hypothesis' s...

Component hijacking is a class of vulnerabilities commonly appearing in Android applications. When these vulnerabilities are triggered by attackers, the vulnerable apps can exfiltrate sensitive information and compromise the data integrity on Android devices, on behalf of the attackers. It is often unrealistic to purely rely on developers to fix these vulnerabilities for two reasons: 1) it is a...