Two methods were devised to select a series of overlapping deletion mutations carried on episomal elements in Escherichia coli. The deletions were then used in an analysis of (i) the relative position on the genome of previously described mutant loci in the flagellar genes, (ii) the relative position of a newly defined cistron, flaN, and (iii) the orientation and direction of transcription of g...

Kalman filtering is a method for estimating state variables of a dynamic systems recursively from noise-contaminated measurements. For systems with nonlinear dynamics, a natural extension of the Linear Kalman Filter (LKF), called Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used. The Kalman filter represents one of the most popular estimation techniques for integrating signals from navigation systems, like ...

To determine the seepage parameters of surrounding rock during excavation of tunnels, a program of groundwater seepage (SEEP) was developed. Then finite element models are established in SEEP with the consideration of seepage equations for continuous medium, and the correctness was verified by the comparison of FLAC. Moreover, seepage back analysis program (SBAP) was developed in C++ language b...

The presence of underground voids within a failure zone usually results in reduction the bearing capacity footings. This paper presents for ultimate ratio, qu/γB, strip footing on top sand layer overlying clay with voids, and without placing geotextile reinforcement at interface between layers. Using finite difference software FLAC 2D, ratio was calculated different depths horizontal distance t...