1. Two different suspensions of radioactive particles, 99Tcm-labelled microspheres and 59Fe-labelled resin particles, were injected into the rat central circulation in order to study the distribution of blood flow to the skeleton. 2. Measurements of particle uptake showed that the mean proportion of cardiac output flowing to the skeleton was 3-1%, a figure much lower than the valve of 27% found...

Multi-scale correlated-k distribution models are presented for the red and violet bands of CN for applications relevant to entry into the atmospheres of Titan, Mars, Venus and flows over an ablating heat shield. In the multi-scale model spectral lines are separated into different scales to improve correlation among absorption coefficients. The methodology for scaling absorption coefficients int...

Subcooled flow boiling in multi-microchannels can be used as an efficient thermal management approach in compact electrical devices. Highly subcooled flow boiling of HFE 7100 is studied in two microchannel heat sinks to choose a proper numerical model for simulating boiling flows in microchannels. Results of five different numerical models, including Volume of Fluid (VOF), Eulerian boiling, Eul...

Medication errors are especially likely when health professionals engage in multiple tasks within a short time span. This situation occurs repeatedly in hospitals when pharmacists and technicians load unit-dose carts, and when nurses administer medications. Unit-dose carts are prepared daily, often manually, by technicians and then checked by pharmacists. These carts, containing thousands of pa...

Design of a natural dry cooling tower has been accomplished in two sections: the design of heat exchangers and the numerical solution of flow through the tower. Heat exchanger (Heller type) has been simulated thermodynamically and then coupled with a computer program, which calculated the turbulent natural convection flow through the tower. The computer program developed for this purpose can be...

The effects of water flow on the leaf-biofilm interface of Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata were investigated using artificial plants as the control. Water flow inhibited the growth of two species of submerged macrophytes, reduced oxygen concentrations in plant leaves and changed oxygen profiles at the leaf-biofilm interface. The results from confocal laser scanning microscopy and m...

due to high applicability of the fixed bed catalytic naphtha reforming reactors, hydrodynamic features of this kind of reactors with radial flow pattern are improved in this work by utilising computational fluid dynamics technique. effects of catalytic bed porosity, inlet flow rate and flow regime through the bed on the flow distribution within the system are investigated.it is found that the f...

abstract weirs are the most common structures for discharge measurement in engineering research. streamline curvature, non hydrostatic pressure distribution on weir and nappe adherence to the weir lead to differences between calculated and measured discharges. thus discharge coefficient, which is the ratio of real and theoretic discharges, is usually less than unity. in circular weirs the press...

Flow unit characterization plays an important role in heterogeneity analysis and reservoir simulation studies. Usually, a correct description of the lateral variations of reservoir is associated with uncertainties. From this point of view, the well data alone does not cover reservoir properties. Because of large well distances, it is difficult to build the model of a heterogenic reservoir, but ...