VALIDATION OF A FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE ANTIBODY ELISA IN FIVE LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES. The work plan consisted of using a liquid phase blocking ELISA test for the detection of antibodies to foot-andmouth disease virus (FMDV) using the following categories of sera: (A) Spot test 120 non-infected/non-vaccinated bovine sera diluted 1:32; (B) Titration test: 120 bovine sera from animals vaccinated...

Patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have evidence of a subclinical parasympathetic autonomic neuropathy, with apparent preservation of sympathetic function. However, these cardiovascular-respiratory tests might have been biased by concomitant chest disease, the acetylcholine sweat-spot test avoids this bias. This sweat-spot test assesses sympathetic nerve function...

Fluorescent antibody fragments of anti-muscle plasma membrane antibody bound as small fluorescent spots when applied by micropipetting to cultured myotubes. The spots were observed to enlarge with time. The rate of enlargement of fluorescent spots was greater when fragments were applied than when divalent antibody was used. It was also greater at 23 degrees -25 degrees C than at 0 degrees -4 de...

A transfer tool adjustment procedure for the generation of micro- and macroarrays is described. It is based on control spotting of solutions containing radioactive or fluorescent labels and the quantification of each obtained spot by standard image-analyzing software. This method provides a simple, rapid, and efficient way to control the quality and liquid delivery properties of spotting transf...

The mouse spot test, an in vivo mutation assay, has been used to assess a number of chemicals. It is at present the only in vivo mammalian test system capable of detecting somatic gene mutations according to OECD guidelines (OECD guideline 484). It is however rather insensitive, animal consuming and expensive type of test. More recently several assays using transgenic animals have been develope...

The changes in apparent brightness or color, induced into a test spot by a surround, can be greatly enhanced either by flickering the test spot between two luminances, or by binocularly fusing a pair of test spots of different luminances. Simultaneous contrast, in which a white surround makes a grey spot look darker, is greatly enhanced if the spot (not the surround) flickers between black and ...