Fluoride is one of the few chemicals of natural origin that have been shown to cause significant health effects in people through drinking-water. The association between the fluoride level in drinking water and the degree of dental fluorosis has been documented worldwide. The permissible maximum health-based fluoride limit in drinking water is 1.5 mg/l. The aim of this paper is to assess human ...

The present study examined the thyroid function and low T3 state in a group of patients exposed to different concentration of fluoride in drinking water. 139 subjects from severe endemic fluorosis areas and 140 subjects as control group were randomly selected. The functional activity of thyroid gland was measured and the findings indicate that the level of TSH and rT3 was significantly (P<0.001...

CONTEXT Bottled water has become a status symbol and is frequently used in place of tap water. While both waters are considered safe to drink, is either more beneficial in preventing tooth decay and is there a difference in purity? OBJECTIVE To determine the fluoride level and bacterial content of commercially bottled waters municipal tap water and to compare the results. DESIGN Comparative...

A flow injection method with on-line solid sample dissolution was developed for the determination of fluoride in phosphate rock. The fluoride was selectively leached (98-102.4 % recovery) from a 50-mg powdered phosphate rock sample with 0.50 M citric acid. Using the zone sampling technique the fluoride in the buffered leachate was determined by injecting 87 muL into the carrier stream using a f...

Introduction: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a restorative material used in pediatric dentistry, which attaches to dental hard tissues and has cariostatic properties due to the ability for fluoride release. The present study aimed to assess the fluoride release and uptake capacity of two GICs in the presence of various fluoride sources. Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted on 120 disks com...

A high impedance unit was developed for use with a fluoride/pH electrode system for the measurement of serum fluoride. The linearity, accuracy, precision and detection limit of the system is reported. At a pH of 1.55, the system was linear over a range of serum fluoride concentrations up to 100 mumol l(-1), with a lower limit of detection of 0.3 mumol l(-1). Recoveries at this pH were 94-105% i...

objectives: this study aimed to assess the effect of applying casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp) paste, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (cpp-acpf) paste and sodium fluoride gel on surface microhardness of enamel after microabrasion. materials and methods: thirty freshly extracted human premolars were selected. all samples were subjected to har...

OBJECTIVE Calcium fluoride deposit during fluoride application. Uptake and retention of fluoride by saliva depends generally on the concentration of calcium. In this study, the effect of calcium pre-rinse on salivary fluoride concentration after a 900 ppm fluoride mouthwash was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-over double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in a girls'...

OBJECTIVE To map the geographic distribution of fluoride in water supplies and child dental caries in remote Indigenous communities of the Northern Territory (NT). To examine the association between fluoride levels, household and community factors, access to services and child dental caries in these communities and to model the impact on the caries experience of children of introducing water fl...

Dental fluorosis refers to changes in the appearance of tooth enamel that are caused by long-term ingestion of fluoride during the time teeth are forming. Studies conducted in the 1930s showed that the severity of tooth decay was lower and dental fluorosis was higher in areas with more fluoride in the drinking water. In response to these findings, community water fluoridation programs were deve...