This paper investigates the semantics of the intuitionistic propositional logic (IPL) extended with subtraction, also known as the HeytingBrouwer logic or biIPL. It introduces and extends some basic concepts and theorems in the Kripke semantics of intuitionistic propositional logic to obtain new results on the exact models of fragments in the bidirectional case. The paper also includes results ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a governmental supplementary feeding program in child weight gain. METHODS A cohort study including secondary data on 25,433 low-income children aged between six and 24 months, participating in a fortified milk distribution program known as Projeto Vivaleite, was performed in the state of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 2003 and 2008. Weight ...

In this paper the idea that some households always spend the totality of their current income the rule of thumb behavior is applied to a small open economy framework. A model of current account with rule of thumb individuals and habit formation is constructed and estimated for five different countries. Two parameters of the model are of particular interest: the share of domestic income that acc...

Program assertions have been recognized as a supporting tool during software development, testing, and maintenance. Therefore, software developers place assertions within their code in positions that are considered to be error prone or that have the potential to lead to a software crash or failure. Similar to any other software, programs with assertions must be maintained. Depending on the type...

The present article discusses and presents a new and comprehensive approach aimed at measuring the maturity and quality of software processes. This method has been designed on the basis of the Software Capability Maturity Model (SW-CMM) and the Multi-level Fuzzy Inference Model and is used as a measurement and analysis tool. Among the most important characteristics of this method one can mentio...

In order to shed some light in the meaning of the relativistic multipolar expansions we consider different static solutions of the axially symmetric vacuum Einstein equations that in the non relativistic limit have same Newtonian moments. The motion of test particles orbiting around different deformed attraction centers with the same Newtonian limit is studied paying special attention to the ad...

We focus on some important fuzzy logic algebras on residuated lattices. These interesting algebraic structures and their main properties are reviewed, and their relationships are clarified. Corresponding formal deductive systems for fuzzy logic are

In the income (or consumption) poverty framework, a relevant open problem is connected with the distinction between poor and non-poor. This is usually done by considering a pre-specified income threshold called poverty line. If the income of an observation unit is lower (higher) than the poverty line, then such an observation unit is poor (non-poor or rich). Unfortunately, this procedure may of...

Correspondence to: Hyun M. Yang Depto. de Matemática Aplicada. IMECC, Unicamp Caixa Postal 6065 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] *Supported by Fapesp (Process n. 98/2827-8). The publication of this article was subsidied by Fapesp (Process n. 01/01661-3). Submitted on 30/6/2000. Reviewed on 16/2/2001. Approved on 26/2/2001.