This study was performed to analyze the forming fracture of crash box with extruded Al6060-T6 profile. Deep drawing test evaluate formability For various specimens, deep tests were repeated measure maximum stroke at which did not occur. The finite element analysis for calculate principal strain through obtained stroke. limit diagram design concave shape calculated strains FEA. optimized by usin...

In this contribution we go through the developments that in the years from 1968 to about 1974 led from the Veneziano model to the bosonic string theory. They include the construction of the N -point amplitude for scalar particles, its factorization through the introduction of an infinite number of oscillators and the proof that the physical subspace was a positive-definite Hilbert space. We als...

Forming limit diagrams (FLDs) are calculated based on both the Marciniak and Kuczynski (M-K)  model and the analysis proposed by Jones and Gillis (J-G). J-G analysis consisted of plastic deformation approximation by three deformation phases. These phases consisted of homogeneous deformation up to the maximum load (Phase I), deformation localization under constant load (phase II) and local necki...

Sheet metal forming operations play a crucial role in the manufacturing process of various products. However, challenge plastic instability, which often leads to defective products, continues persist this field. It is important consider parameters, such as Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), overcome issue during manufacturing. The Aluminium Alloy (AA2014) has been employed study investigate its forma...

Abstract Multi-fidelity optimization, which complements an expensive high-fidelity function with cheaper low-fidelity functions, has been successfully applied in many fields of structural optimization. In the present work, exemplary cross-die deep-drawing optimization problem is investigated to compare different objective functions and assess performance a multi-fidelity efficient global techni...