We study interactions between multiple temporal pairs of slits in coherent control photoionization $S$-state atoms using a pulse train $N+1$ evenly delayed time by $\ensuremath{\tau}$, which the two pulses pair with delay ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}$ are counter-rotating circularly polarized. For interacting double-slit experiments, while Ramsey interference identical Archimedean spirals yields pr...

Soil and aquatic microscopic organisms live and behave in a complex three-dimensional environment. Most studies of microscopic organism behavior, in contrast, have been conducted using microscope-based approaches, which limit the movement and behavior to a narrow, nearly two-dimensional focal field.(1) We present a novel analytical approach that provides real-time analysis of freely swimming C....

The method of quantum trajectories proposed by de Broglie and Bohm is applied to the study of atom diffraction by surfaces. As an example, a realistic model for the scattering of He off corrugated Cu is considered. In this way, the final angular distribution of trajectories is obtained by box counting, which is in excellent agreement with the results calculated by standard S matrix methods of s...

The number of Android-based smartphones is growing rapidly. They are increasingly used for security-critical private and business applications, such as online banking or to access corporate networks. This makes them a very valuable target for an adversary. Up to date, significant or large-scale attacks have failed, but attacks are becoming more sophisticated and successful. Thus, security is of...

The dark lines in the solar spectrum were discovered by Wollaston and cataloged by Fraunhofer in the early days of the 19th century. Some years later, Kirchhoff explained the appearance of the dark lines: the sun was acting as a continuum light source and metals in the ground state in its atmosphere were absorbing characteristic narrow regions of the spectrum. This discovery eventually spawned ...

A theoretical model for subnanosecond evolution of a nonequilibrium, inhomogeneous free-electron gas in a laser filament or microfilament wake channel is presented. The spatial distributions of electron density and temperature calculated in axially symmetric geometry as a function of time reveal dynamics on the picosecond time scale that is principally driven by a combination of thermal conduct...