Many organisms reproduce by releasing gametes into the surrounding fluid. For some such broadcast spawners, gametes are positively or negatively buoyant, and, as a result, fertilization occurs on a two-dimensional surface rather than in the bulk of the air or water. We here rationalize this behaviour by considering the encounter rates of gametes on the surface and in the fluid bulk. The advanta...

Abstract. The paper considers an electromechanical surfacing technique of parts’ work surfaces. It was found out that depending on strain temperature, rate and degree there were special type structures formed a surface layer with phase change (a bright layer), i.e. hot deformed structure without recrystallization cold structure. Depending the original hardening conditions, during parts thicknes...

INTRODUCTION First aid oxygen (FAO2) has been widely used as an emergency treatment for diving injuries, but there are few studies supporting its efficacy. METHODS 2,231 sequential diving injury reports collected by the Divers Alert Network (DAN) Injury database from 1998 to 2003 were examined. RESULTS 47% (1,045) of cases received FAO2. The median time to FAO2 treatment after surfacing was...

forest roads are basic infrastructures for management of forested areas. sustainable management of roads depends on regular and timely forest road maintenance. road inventory is as an important tool to recognize the needs of roads and do corresponding correction operations. gis can be a powerful tool for acquirement, analysis and management of data in road management. the purpose of this study ...

BACKGROUND The risk of playground injuries, especially fractures, is prevalent in children, and can result in emergency room treatment and hospital admissions. Fall height and surface area are major determinants of playground fall injury risk. The primary objective was to determine if there was a difference in playground upper extremity fracture rates in school playgrounds with wood fibre surfa...