In Mobile IPv6 especially in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6), Mobile Node’s handoff performance is greatly impaired by the Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) procedure for the newly formed Care-of Address. Based on the data gathered from our HMIPv6 test bed, this paper analyzed the origin of such performance degradation. To alleviate the impact of DAD on handoff performance, Greg Daley et al p...

OBJECTIVES This study used the basic principle of Oriental medicine, the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle () to investigate the effects of the component of ONGABO, which is composed of Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae tuber on the viability of HepG2 cells. METHODS Single and mixed extracts of the componen...

Ss who receive information about a person's traits and behaviors in a social context are likely to focus their attention on the pragmatic implications of this information (i.e., why the information was conveyed). To examine this hypothesis, Ss listened to a taped conversation in which a male target (T) and another speaker (O) exchanged anecdotal accounts of T's behavior. Ss typically used O's t...

drug therapeutic and toxic effects. The change of the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines may lead directly to the change of the metabolism of drug effectiveness in human body. Therefore, the investigation of the metabolism of compound Chinese recipes by modern analytical techniques may play important roles in explanation of the functional mechanisms and compatibility principles of c...

Determining Depth-Area-Duration (DAD) curves in drainage basins is one of the applied researches in hydrology. DAD curves exhibit the depth and the area covered by the rainfall with a particular duration. DAD analysis is widely used in characterization of precipitation extremes for specification of so-called design storms. In this study the DAD curves for the Kurdistan province were prepared an...

The human polyomaviruses BK (BKPyV) and JC (JCPyV) are ubiquitous pathogens long associated with severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. BKPyV causes polyomavirus-associated nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis, whereas JCPyV is the causative agent of the fatal demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. No effective therapies targeting these viruses are currently...

A rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was developed for the determination of betaine from Lycii Fructus. Betaine was separated with an Atlantis hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography silica column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm, 100 Å) by isocratic elution using 30 mM ammonium acetate buffer and acetonitrile (20:80...

To identify the active compound arctigenin in Fructus Arctii (dried seed of medicinal plant Arctium lappa) and to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism in melanogenesis, we analyzed melanin content and tyrosinase activity on B16BL6 murine melanoma and melan-A cell cultures. Water extracts of Fructus Arctii were shown to inhibit tyrosinase activity in vitro and melanin content in α -melanocyte stim...