We propose a bargaining process supergame over the strategies to play in a non-cooperative game. The agreement reached by players at the end of the bargaining process is the strategy profile that they will play in the original non-cooperative game. We analyze the subgame perfect equilibria of this supergame, and its implications on the original game. We discuss existence, uniqueness, and effici...

Using a symmetric 2-person prisoners’ dilemma as the base game, each player receives a signal for the number of rounds to be played with the same partner. The actual number of rounds (the length of the supergame) is determined by the maximal signal where each player expects the other’s signal to be smaller, respectively larger, by a fixed number of rounds with 50% probability. In the tradition ...

The regulatory Lines/Drumstick/Bowl gene network is implicated in the integration of patterning information at several stages during development. Here, we show that during Drosophila wing development, Lines prevents Bowl accumulation in the wing primordium, confining its expression to the peripodial epithelium. In cells that lack lines or over-expressing Drumstick, Bowl stabilization is respons...

Intraoperative autotransfusion is used in a variety of surgical procedures with the quantity of blood loss dependent upon numerous factors. These procedures may or may not produce a full autotransfusion bowl. The inadequate removal of contaminants has been correlated to the incomplete filling of bowls, resulting in a condition called "Salvaged Blood Syndrome." The purpose of this study was to a...

BACKGROUND To construct a sophisticated three-dimensional framework, numerous modifications have been reported in the literature. However, most surgeons have paid little attention to the anatomical configuration of the concha and more to its deepness and hollowness, leading to unsatisfactory outcomes. METHODS For a configuration of the concha that is definitely anatomical, the author further ...

The accurate quantitative maturity detection of fresh Lycium barbarum L. (L. barbarum) fruit is the key to determine whether are suitable for harvesting or not and can also be helpful improve quality post-harvest processing. To achieve this goal, abnormal samples were eliminated by Mahalanobis Distance (MD), nine components (i.e., R, G, B, H, S, V, L, a, b) ripe fruit, half-ripe unripe extracte...

Brinjal fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is an insect pest that causes major economic losses to brinjal in Malaysia. Field experiment was conducted at the experimental research farm (2°59'10.46"N, 101°44'8.78"E), Agriculture Faculty, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Treatment plots were assigned a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Six tr...

Although cutting flow peanut-picking is the main peanut harvesting method, it has problems of a large harvest loss and high damage rate shells. The analysis impact-friction contact characteristics during fruit picking crucial to illustrate damage. A typical variety, “Dabaisha”, was considered in this study. were studied using test bench under different conditions. An orthogonal with three facto...

The type I AAA (ATPase associated with a variety of cellular activities) ATPase Vps4 and its co-factor Vta1p/LIP5 function in membrane remodeling events that accompany cytokinesis, multivesicular body biogenesis, and retrovirus budding, apparently by driving disassembly and recycling of membrane-associated ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport)-III complexes. Here, we present ...