Space-time codes have been developed to answer the need for high data rates in future wireless communication systems. In this work, we propose a systematic code construction method that provides full diversity advantage for any number of transmit antennas, any number of encoder states, and any constellation. Our approach is to exploit the properties of the state transitions in the trellis to fo...

The need to achieve high data rates in modern telecommunication systems, such as 5G standard, motivates the study and development of large antenna and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. This study introduces a large antenna-order design of MIMO quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QO-STBC) system that achieves better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit-error ratio (BER) performan...

Chloramination for secondary disinfection of drinking water often promotes the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the distribution system due to the ammonia introduced by chloramine formation and decay. This study involved the application of molecular biology techniques to explore the types of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) present in several full-scale chlo...

In this paper, we consider the design of full diversity space-time codes for a coherent MIMO communication system. Starting from both the information theoretic and detection error viewpoints, we first establish that a desirable property for general linear dispersion (LD) codes is to have an inter-unitary as well as an intra-unitary structure – a structure we call traceorthonormality. By imposin...

The use of multiple transmitter and receiver antennas allows to transmit multiple signal streams in parallel and hence to increase communication capacity. To distribute the multiple signal streams over the MIMO channel, linear space-time codes have been shown to be a convenient way to reach high capacity gains with a reasonable complexity. The space-time codes that have been introduced so far a...

In this paper we analysis about MIMO relay systems in the presence of co-channel interference and feedback delay. Now a days, fading is a serious problem to transmit the information from transmitter to the receiver. Due to this Fading, we can’t get the full diversity order. so, that for achieving a Multiuser diversity, we have to analyze the performance of Average SER and outage probability of ...

The design of space–time codes to achieve full spatial diversity over fading channels has largely been addressed by handcrafting example codes using computer search methods and only for small numbers of antennas. The lack of more general designs is in part due to the fact that the diversity advantage of a code is the minimum rank among the complex baseband differences between modulated codeword...

A partial interference cancellation (PIC) group decoding based space-time block code (STBC) design criterion was recently proposed by Guo and Xia, where the decoding complexity and the code rate tradeoff is dealt when the full diversity is achieved. In this paper, a systematic design of STBC is proposed for any number of transmit antennas that can obtain full diversity when a PIC group decoding...

Under the scenarios of fast mobile frequency selective channels, it is a very intractable issue to design the optimal space time codes (ST) that can achieve the optimal diversity and multiplexing gains tradeoff with full-diversity full-rate (FDFR) constrains. Therefore, an optimal space time design scheme is given in this paper for one novel 4G cellular communication systems with time division ...

Multiple antenna (MIMO) devices are widely used to increase reliability and information bit rate. Optimal error rate performance (full diversity and large coding gain), for unknown channel state information at the transmitter and for maximal rate, can be achieved by approximately universal spacetime codes, but comes at a price of large detection complexity, infeasible for most practical systems...