BACKGROUND Housing environments that hinder performance of daily activities and impede participation in social life have negative health consequences particularly for the older segment of the population. From a public health perspective accessible housing that supports active and healthy ageing is therefore crucial. The objective of the present study was to make an inventory of environmental ba...

We developed a method for measuring airway resistance (R(aw)) in mice that does not require a measurement of airway flow. An analysis of R(aw) induced by alveolar gas compression showed the following relationship for an animal breathing spontaneously in a closed box: R(aw) = A(bt)V(b)/[V(t) (V(e) + 0.5V(t))]. Here A(bt) is the area under the box pressure-time curve during inspiration or expirat...

Pulmonary emphysema, as the term is generally used clinically, refers to an overinfiation or distention of the lungs (localized or diffuse), characterized by a relative increase in the amount of air which cannot be blown out with a forced expiration. The residual air capacity plus the vital capacity equals total observed lung capacity (TLC) for the individual, and in pulmonary emphysema the TLC...

The transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) elicited by paired bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation may be viewed as the sum of the Pdi values produced by the first (t1) and second (t2) stimulus. The Pdi at t2 (P[di,t2]) is a function of the interstimulus interval. A reduction in the ratio obtained by dividing Pdi,t2 at 10 Hz (P[di,t2,10]) by Pdi at 100 Hz (P[di,t2,100]) (t2(10:100)) has been proposed...

This study investigated correlates of functional capacity among participants of the Georgia Centenarian Study. Six domains (demographics and health, positive and negative affect, personality, social and economic support, life events and coping, distal influences) were related to functional capacity for 234 centenarians and near centenarians (i.e., 98 years and older). Data were provided by prox...

NUMEROUS MODELS have been constructed to aid teaching respiratory mechanics. A simple model using a syringe and a water-filled bottle has been described by Thomas Sherman to explain inspiration and expiration (4). The elastic recoil of the chest wall and lungs has been described using a coat hanger (1) or by using rods and rubber bands (3). A more complex two-component model has also been descr...

This memo contains a table of commonly occurring headers in headings of e-mail messages. The document compiles information from other RFCs such as RFC 822, RFC 1036, RFC 1123, RFC 1327, RFC 1496, RFC 1521, RFC 1766, RFC 1806, RFC 1864 and RFC 1911. A few commonly occurring headers which are not defined in RFCs are also included. For each header, the memo gives a short description and a referenc...

Article 2 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [United Nations (1992) http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf. Accessed February 9, 2009] commits signatory nations to stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that "would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference (DAI) with the climate system." In an effort to provide some insigh...

OBJECTIVE Color match between fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) restorations and teeth is an imperative factor in esthetic dentistry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of veneering composites and fibers on the color change of FRC restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Glass and polyethylene fibers were used to reinforce a direct microhybrid composite (Z250, 3M ESPE) and a mic...

Enhancing system capacity while maintaining quality of service is an important issue in wireless cellular networks. In this paper, we present a localized channel sharing scheme to address this problem. Our basic idea is to allow channels to be shared between adjacent cells at the expense of a smaller initial allocation of channels per cell. We show that this tradeoff results in a better utiliza...