Recently, generic programming becomes of a major interest in several programming paradigms. A recurrent idea to achieve genericity is to specify algorithms on their convenient data structure, and to allow these speciications to be instantiated onto a large number of neighboring data structures. Polytypic programming, shapely types and generic attribute grammars are generic programming methods r...

Bulk loading refers to the process of creating an index from scratch for a given data set. This problem is well understood for B-trees, but so far, non-traditional index structures received modest attention. We are particularly interested in fast generic bulk loading techniques whose implementations only employ a small interface that is satisfied by a broad class of index structures. Generic te...

the present study aimed to investigate the generic organization of research article introductions in local iranian and international journals in english for specific purposes, english for general purposes, and discourse analysis. overall, 120 published articles were selected from the established journals representing the above subdisciplines. each subdiscipline was represented by 20 local and 2...

Abstract Abstract Background: Availability and affordability of medicines are crucial to achieving success in prevention programs, particularly in developing countries. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the availability and affordability of cardiovascular medicines for secondary prevention in Tehran province of Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tehran pro...

Combinational multipliers represent a class of circuits that is usually considered to be hard to design by means of the evolutionary techniques. However, experiments conducted under the previous research demonstrated (1) a suitability of an instruction-based developmental model to design generic multiplier structures using a parametric approach, (2) a possibility of the development of irregular...

Configuring usually ensures the flexibility of information systems. Within the configuration, the properties and the behaviour of system objects like database tables and functions are influenced to a certain extent by parameters that are adapted by the user. However, a more far-reaching adaptability is desirable. For example, it can be necessary to insert new system objects into an information ...

System dynamics has been enriched from many disciplines. This paper describes our effort to discover generic structures in the field of social psychology. Social psychologists have accumulated a body of empirical studies and theories that are reproducible and apply to a variety of social situations. Our task was to start modeling a few pivotal dynamic effects found in the social psychology lite...

Here, we report a template library used for molecular operation, the Molecular Handling Template Library (MHTL). The library includes some generic data structures and generic algorithms, and the two parts are associated with each other by two concepts: Properties and Molecule. The concept Properties describes the interface to access objects' properties, and the concept Molecule describes the mi...

We present an approach to support incremental navigation of structured information, where the structure is introduced by the data model and schema (if present) of a data source. Simple browsing through data values and their connections is an effective way for a user or an automated system to access and explore information. We use our previously defined Uni-Level Description (ULD) to represent a...