The English language is continuing to establish itself as a global lingua franca in a period of unprecedented globalisation. In the period 1995–2005 educational systems worldwide have shown interest in the adoption of English as a medium of instruction. Teaching through a second language has been successful in certain educational environments. A methodological approach, ‘Content and Language In...

INTRODUCTION Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral involvement of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves, resulting in a lack of facial expression and eye movements. These patients suffer a series of oral manifestations that may complicate their dental treatment, such as facial and tongue muscle weakness, uncontrolled salivation secondary to defic...

Schwartz (1999, 2002) has claimed that tip-of-the-tongue states (TOTs) are universal. The studies reported in this paper examine this claim for illiterates, unschooled literates, and schooled readers, all speakers of an unwritten Guatemalan language. The first study showed that, although there was little evidence of a dedicated verbal expression for this state of consciousness in the Mayan lang...

BACKGROUND Several oral mucosal abnormalities have been reported to occur more frequently in patients with liver disease. It has, however, not been determined if these conditions are related to the disease or are manifestations of extraneous factors not associated with the liver pathology. OBJECTIVE To identify and quantify oral abnormalities in candidates for liver transplantation, and to de...

English Language Teaching (ELT) is a major international enterprise. This theoretical paper suggests that a number of ideological assumptions underpin some aspects of its curricular and pedagogic thinking. Specifically we will look at (a) the ways in which ownership and use of a language has been built around the idea of a homogeneous community or nation with shared and unchanging social values...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to correlate the presence of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Moraxellaceae and Xanthomonadaceae on the posterior dorsum of the human tongue with the presence of tongue coating, gender, age, smoking habit and denture use. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bacteria were isolated from the posterior tongue dorsum of 100 individuals in MacConkey agar medium and were id...

This paper examines a set of three patterns that examine the issues that arise when data are to be shared among several applications in one or more different formats. When an ENGLISH ONLY/STANDARD REPRESENTATION can be used, conversion and translation are moot issues. However, this simplicity is not without its cost. When freely CONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES are available, data are not isolated and tr...

This article elaborates on reproducibility in psychology from a technological viewpoint. Modern open source computational environments are shown and explained that foster reproducibility throughout the whole research life cycle, and to which emerging psychology researchers should be sensitized, are shown and explained. First, data archiving platforms that make datasets publicly available are pr...