introduction temperature effects on human activities and natural processes are undeniable. temperature increase, in particular, in the form of heat waves affects all facets of life including architecture, welfare, transport, agriculture and industry. when the intensity and frequency of the waves are high, they can produce major problems. in recent years, the number and intensity of these heat w...

introduction precipitation, an intrinsic part of nature, is essential not only for the survival of human but also for that of plants and animals. yet, this valuable natural phenomenon can also jeopardise human life, flora and fauna. torrential rains are sudden events that wreak havoc in iran and other parts of the world. in recent years, due to man's abuse of nature and disruption of environmen...

This study proposes an algorithm detecting atmospheric blocking by extracting topological features of geopotential height data at 500 hPa. The uses flow analysis (TFDA) providing a unique symbolic representation, named the partially cyclically ordered rooted tree (COT) and discrete graph structure, called Reeb graph, to each structurally stable Hamiltonian vector field based on mathematical the...

During summertime months the low-level airflow over the eastern Pacific is dominated by the circulation associated with the Pacific High typically situated about 1000 km off the west coast of the United States. Subsidence above the Pacific High establishes a sharp temperature inversion at the top of the well-mixed marine boundary layer (MBL) with its depth increasing offshore to the west. A low...

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is known as the dominant mode of tropical intraseasonal variability and has an important role in the coupled-atmosphere system. This study uses numerical model experiments to investigate the influence of the MJO activity on weather predictability in the midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard L...

The range of synoptic patterns that North Pacific landfalling atmospheric rivers form under are objectively identified using genesis day 500 hPa geopotential height anomalies in a self-organizing map (SOM). SOM arranges the to differentiate between two groups climate modes—the first group with ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation), PDO (Pacific Decadal PNA American) and NP (North index) second AO...

Studies have shown that assimilating the radio occultation (RO) observations, including those from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (constellation observing systems for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate) (FS3-C), provides positive impacts on tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts. The FS3-C's successor, FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (FS7-C2), denser spatial data coverage over Tropics Subtropics, where severe weather often ...

Abstract. Atmospheric blocking is a circulation pattern that describes the presence of large-scale, persistent anticyclones, which have potential to bring severe impacts at surface. However, dynamical behaviour blocks still not fully understood. For example, factors determine persistence events are clear. In this study, relationship between and smaller-scale transient anticyclonic eddies examin...

The main objective of the research was to determine synoptic and mesoscale conditions, which, under influence two Upper Cold Lows (UCL), favor occurrence locally intense rain in Cuba. From outputs Rapid Refresh (RAP) model, characteristics UCL with four cases associated them were analyzed. variables that studied are relative humidity, temperature, geopotential height, vertical speed, wind force...