In this study we showed TLR2 CpG promoter methylation in periodontitis affected human gingival tissues and in primary human gingival epithelial cells chronically stimulated with P. gingivalis that may instigate epithelial dysbiosis that may create a unique pathogen niche in the gingival crevice and susceptibility to periodontitis.

BACKGROUND Gingival invaginations are a common side effect of orthodontic therapy involving tooth extraction and subsequent space closure. Consequences of gingival invaginations are a jeopardized stability of the space closure and hampered oral hygiene. In a retrospective study, the factor time until initiation of orthodontic space closure after tooth extraction has been identified as a potenti...

The effects of nicotinate ethyl ester treatment on the gingival blood circulation of plaque induced inflammation in monkeys were determined. The blood flow, amount of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin rate (oxyhemoglobin/total hemoglobin) in gingival blood circulation in addition to bacterial colony forming units (CFU), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), loss of attachment (LA) and amount of g...

BACKGROUND To assess the effect of smoking on lip and gingival pigmentation and also to assess the relationship of pigmentation with periodontal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS 109 smokers and an equal number of control subjects who were nonsmokers in the age range of 35 - 44 years comprised the study sample. All the participants were assessed for pigmentation on lip and gingiva and a total...

Cosmetic expectations have increased with time and current trends speak volumes about gingival esthetics and smile designing. Gingival pigmentation especially on the labial aspect of anterior teeth has become an important component of general esthetics. Various physiologic and pathologic factors cause gingival pigmentation. The existing indices do not deal with the etiology, extent and severity...

Introduction: Nanobacteria have been implicated in the formation of pathogenic calcifications e.g. kidney stones, arterial plaque, calcified cardiac valves, dental pulp stone, etc. It has been hypothesized that nanobacteria may be present in dental calculus which has a similar mineralization formation process and that nanobacteria may play an efficient role in the calcification of dental calcul...

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare salivary IgA and gingival crevicular fluid levels in caries active free subjects. Methods: carried out on 40 subjects divided into two groups, Group I free, (DMFT =0) II active, >10). Saliva samples were obtained plaque index, volume flow rate determined. S. mutans lactobacillus determined by culture. concentrations saliva using ELISA. Data ...