Beginning in the 1970s and culminating first two decades of 21st century, there has been a marked shift sciences from predominantly reductionist mechanistic approach to broader more holistic viewpoint. It goes without saying that such point view will have significant implications, not only for but our concepts nature human beings. The present essay is an attempt assess significance this change ...

in asymmetric conflicts, great powers often adopt coercive strategies toward weak states. this strategy is a combination of threat, and limited and warning use of force if necessary to impact the opposite's strategy choice. given that the threats of the most powerful states are more effective because the penalty for target disobedience will be more intensive, it seems that the weak states ...