Natural mutations of the human glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoform alpha cause the glucocorticoid resistance syndrome. Mutant receptors may have abnormal interactions with the ligand, target DNA sequences, and/or multiple intracellular proteins, as well as aberrant nucleocytoplasmic trafficking. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, all GR pathologic mutant receptor...

Glucocorticoid hormones play a key role in the stress response, but plasma concentrations vary based on physiological, environmental, or social parameters. However, hormone titers alone do not determine organismal response. To enhance our understanding of glucocorticoid actions we can examine 'downstream' factors in the organismal stress response, measuring glucocorticoid receptors across targe...

Fetal glucocorticoid exposure is a key mechanism proposed to underlie prenatal ‘programming’ of adult affective behaviours such as depression and anxiety. Indeed, the glucocorticoid metabolising enzyme 11 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11 -HSD2), which is highly expressed in the placenta and the developing fetus, acts as a protective barrier from the high maternal glucocorticoids which m...

Glucocorticoid receptors must be complexed with Hsp90 in order to bind steroids, and it has been reported that at least three other proteins, Hop, Hsc70, and a J-domain protein (either Hsp40 or Ydj1), are required for formation of active Hsp90-steroid receptor complex. In the present study, we reinvestigated activation of stripped steroid receptors isolated from either L cells or WCL2 cells. Su...

In contrast to the negative autoregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression seen in most cells and tissues, GR expression is positively autoregulated in human leukemic T cells and in other cells sensitive to glucocorticoid-induced cell death. To determine whether positive autoregulation is a necessary component of glucocorticoid-induced cell death, a wild-type GR gene under the contro...

Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cell lines by IL-1β, TNF-α and LPS. M.M. Verheggen, P.Th.W. van Hal, P.W.C. AdriaansenSoeting, B.J.A. Goense, H.C. Hoogsteden, A.O. Brinkmann, M.A. Versnel. ERS Journals Ltd 1996. ABSTRACT: Bronchial epithelium plays a major role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions in the airways. It is thought to be a possi...

Nine human breast cancer cell lines in permanent tissue culture and currently available to researchers have been assayed for their content of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, androgen receptors, and glucocorticoid receptors, as well as for the presence of unfilled or hormone-filled nuclear estrogen receptors. Receptor distribution varied considerably among the nine lines ...

The influence of exogenous glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (Dex), on testicular germ cell apoptosis was investigated in rats. The percentages of apoptotic tubules and apoptotic germ cells in the Dex-treated group of rats were about seven-fold and 10-fold higher respectively than in either the control group, or in rats treated with glucocorticoid receptor agonist (GR-A), or in rats treated with bo...

Fibroblasts from human synovial membranes were cultured with nimesulide, naproxen or dexamethasone. Nimesulide, but not naproxen, showed effects on the glucocorticoid system that may contribute importantly to its anti-inflammatory activity. Nimesulide at therapeutically relevant concentrations induced the intracellular phosphorylation and activation of glucocorticoid receptors, and activated th...