Enteric glia play an important neuroprotective role in the enteric nervous system (ENS) by producing neuroprotective compounds such as the antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH). The specific cellular pathways that regulate glial production of GSH and how these pathways are altered during, or contribute to, neuroinflammation in situ and in vivo are not fully understood. We investigated this issu...

The ascorbate (AsA)–glutathione (GSH) metabolism pathway is an important antioxidant system in cadmium (Cd) detoxification; the AsA–GSHpathway generally regulated by a specific set of functional genes. However, transcription factors involved AsA–GSH have yet to be identified. Herein, we transformed heat shock factor SpHsfA4c from Sedum plumbizincicola into Populus. × canescens. Under 100 μM CdC...

Glutathione is an antioxidant that plays a role in preventing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, including patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2). One of the factors affect glutathione status individual's ability to produce diabetic patients, T-glutathione levels have decreased. This study aims determine effect fruit vegetable consumption habits on plasma T-Glutathione. researc...

Given the increasing importance of boron (B) toxicity, present study investigates roles glutathione (20 mM, GSH) and proline mM) in improvement wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Altındane) resistance to B toxicity (10 mM B). The plants were raised hydroponic culture with control, B+glutathione, B+proline, proline. B+glutathione B+proline resisted detrimental influences on root shoot lengths, total c...

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is acknowledged to result in disease development and progression. Cigarette smoke (CS) is known to deplete total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) in the airways. We hypothesized that components in the gaseous phase of CS may irreversibly react with GSH to form GSH derivatives that cannot be red...

Glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in most aerobic organisms, is perceived to be particularly important in plant chloroplasts because it helps to protect the photosynthetic apparatus from oxidative damage. In transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing a chloroplast-targeted gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-ECS), foliar levels of GSH were raised threefold. Paradoxically, increased GSH ...

Vehicle exhaust is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and is a dominant contributor to urban particulate pollution (PM). Exposure to PM is linked to respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations, such as children. PM can contribute to the development and exacerbation of asthma, and this is thought to occur because of the presence of electrophiles...

Glutathione is an important mediator and regulator of cellular redox processes. Detailed knowledge of local glutathione redox potential (E(GSH)) dynamics is critical to understand the network of redox processes and their influence on cellular function. Using dynamic oxidant recovery assays together with E(GSH)-specific fluorescent reporters, we investigate the glutathione pools of the cytosol, ...

A rapid decrease of intracellular glutathione (GSH) was observed when exponentially growing cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were treated with sublethal concentrations of either dimethyldithiocarbamic acid or thiram [bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide]. The underlying mechanism of this effect possibly involves the intracellular oxidation of dimethyldithiocarbamate anions to thiram, which in ...

Syrian Golden hamsters develop more severe emphysema than Sprague-Dawley rats after intratracheal instillation of the same dose of elastase/body weight. Although species variations in antielastase defenses may largely explain these results, other variables, such as differences in lung antioxidants, cannot be overlooked since oxidative stress modulates antiprotease activity. We propose that elas...