Surface modification of neural prosthetic electrodes with polymeric materials, in particular, conducting polymers and hydrogels, has the potential to circumvent many problems associated with currently used electrode platforms. These problems include the disparity in mechanical properties between implanted electrodes and host neural tissue and the lack of biofunctionality at the electrode surfac...

Direct electron transfer (DET) was shown between the heme containing enzyme theophylline oxidase (ThO) and the surface of both graphite and gold electrodes. As proof on graphite a steady state current for theophylline was recorded using the electrode modified with adsorbed ThO. The electrode showed a Michaelis-Menten-like response to theophylline with a detection limit of 0.2 mM and a Michaelis...

Plants and some types of bacteria demonstrate an elegant means to capitalize on the superabundance of solar energy that reaches our planet with their energy conversion process called photosynthesis. Seeking to harness Nature's optimization of this process, we have devised a biomimetic photonic energy conversion system that makes use of the photoactive protein complex Photosystem I, immobilized ...

We propose a novel approach to fabricating flexible transparent metallic grid electrodes via evaporative deposition involving flow-coating. A transparent flexible metal grid electrode was fabricated through four essential steps including: (i) polymer line pattern formation on the thermally evaporated metal layer onto a plastic substrate; (ii) rotation of the stage by 90° and the formation of th...

In this work, for the first time poly (benzoquinone) chromium (III) complex (PBQC) was synthesized with a one pot, one step, simple and fast method. This novel polymer was used for modification of graphite paste electrode for electrochemical determination of Mesalazine. Moreover, this novel modifier was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron m...

An experiment has been completed which demonstrated quantum mechanical tunneling of electrons between two gold electrodes separated in vacuum. The tunneling current between the gold electrodes has been measured, for fixed voltages of 0.1 and 0.01 volts, as the electrode spacing was varied from a distance of approximately 2.0 nm down to a point where the electrodes touched. Current changes of ov...

We report electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) experiments using graphene; a transparent, flexible and stretchable nanomaterial. Graphene sheets were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and transferred to various substrates (including glass slides and PET films). Reversible contact angle changes were observed on the Teflon-coated graphene electrode with both AC and DC voltages. Nyquist plo...

Fabrication and electrochemical characteristics of the meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode were described. The modified electrode exhibited increased sensitivity and selectivity for CuII compared to the bare gold electrode by stripping voltammetry and the peak current was proportional to the concentration of CuII in the range of 8.0 10–7 1.2 ...

Gold atomic cluster based nanocomposites are important in the field of energy and sensing applications due to their interesting optical, electronic, chemical and catalytic properties. In the present study a chitosan stabilized gold atomic cluster nanocomposite was synthesised by a simple electrochemical technique based on the anodic dissolution of a gold electrode in the presence of a cationic ...

The aim of this work is to show how the integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into multi-wall-carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs) based screen-printed electrodes and into graphene-based screen-printed electrodes (GPHs) could represent a potential way to further enhance the electrochemical properties of those electrodes based on nanoparticles. Laccase from Trametes versicolor (TvL) was immobilized ove...