The performance of optimized graphene devices is ultimately determined by the quality of the graphene itself. Graphene grown on copper foils is often wrinkled, and the orientation of the graphene cannot be controlled. Graphene grown on SiC(0001) via the decomposition of the surface has a single orientation, but its thickness cannot be easily limited to one layer. We describe a method in which a...

Trustworthy corpora are necessary for training and meaningful evaluation of algorithms which use annotations. These standard collections are called Gold Standard Corpora (GSC). However the construction of GSC is a laborious and time-consuming process and size, quality and most of all availability of task-specific GSC directly influence the development of machine learning based natural language ...

The many benefits of urea as a topical treatment for skin conditions have long been known particularly as an additive to emollient preparations. In podiatry, we have observed a renaissance with an increase in new products coming to market promoted as containing urea. Recent research has begun to unravel its biochemical benefits in treating dry skin conditions. This article reviews the chemical ...

Even in the current era of biological targeted therapies, methotrexate (MTX) remains the initial preferred antirheumatic drug and is widely prescribed for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The combination of its perceived efficacy, acceptable safety profile and low cost, as well as decades of clinical experience with its use that have been accumulated by current and previous generations ...

Acknowledging that total body water (TBW) turnover is complex, and that no measurement is valid for all situations, this review evaluates 13 hydration assessment techniques. Although validated laboratory methods exist for TBW and extracellular volume, no evidence incontrovertibly demonstrates that any concentration measurement, including plasma osmolality (P(osm)), accurately represents TBW gai...

A couple of months before Elaine died from peritoneal cancer, we hired Anila, a cheerful, hearty Albanian housecleaner.Onher first visit,Anila sawthatElainewas bedridden. “Kerosene can save her,” she said. “There is science. Look it up on the Internet.” Later, Elaine and I hadagood laughover it. She said, “Maybe that’s all they haveavailable inAlbania.”But in retrospect I’ve thought, “Could itb...