We compare the recombination properties of grain boundaries in conventionally-solidified p-type, ntype and ‘high performance’ p-type multicrystalline silicon wafers in terms of their surface recombination velocities, and evaluate their response to phosphorus gettering and hydrogenation. Overall, grain boundaries in the conventional p-type samples were found to be more recombination active than ...

in order to study the influence of municipal solid waste compost and nitrogen fertilizer on grain and forage yield of sweet corn an experiment was conducted at marvdasht during 2009. the experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. main plot included 5 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 kg n ha-1) a...

Nitrogen (N) plays a vital role in photosynthesis and crop productivity. Maize plants may be able to increase physiological N utilization efficiency (NUtE) under low-N stress by increasing photosynthetic rate (P n) per unit leaf N, that is, photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE). In this study, we analyzed the relationship between PNUE and N allocation in maize ear-leaves during the grain-filli...

Growing interest in biofuel generation with cellulosic biomass from row crop residues necessitates research to investigate biomass and nutrient management systems impacts water quality. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of a range of cropping and corn biomass harvest systems on P loss with surface runoff as affected by N-P management based on inorganic fertilizers or liq...

The influence of feeding systems on the levels of functional lipids and other fatty acid concentrations in Australian beef was examined. Rump, strip loin and blade cuts obtained from grass feeding, short-term grain feeding (80 days; STGF) and long-term grain feedlot rations (150-200 days; LTFL) were used in the present study. The typical Australian feedlot ration contains more than 50% barley a...

Low soil fertility and high weed infestation are the main culprits for the declining maize production inWestern Kenya. Technology packages to address these constraints exist, but their effectiveness is likely to be influenced by variability in soil types and farm management practices in the region. Trials were conducted during the 2008/2009 cropping seasons to investigate the nutrient use e...

In the short crack regime of the fatigue process, grain boundaries in steels are barriers against crack growth. In this paper, we use: (1) a method involving crack density; and (2) a method of dimensional analysis, to evaluate the effects of grain size and grain-boundary resistance on short crack behaviour and fatigue life. The results show that the fatigue life increases with a decrease in gra...

Renewable fuel production, particularly grain-based ethanol, is expanding rapidly in the USA. Although subsidized grain-based ethanol may provide a competitively priced transportation fuel, concerns exist about potential environmental impacts. This contribution focuses on potential water quality implications of expanded grain-based ethanol production and potential impacts of perennial-grass-bas...