PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to describe the nature of informational (expository) language in terms of unique grammatical characteristics and discuss applications for assessment and intervention for older school-age children and adolescents with language impairments. METHODS Information presented is based on a selected literature review of topics including the nature of academic tex...

The present paper was to discuss how the use of progressive forms with stative verbs has changed in present-day English and what teachers should do deal this issue grammar teaching. discussion based on theoretical framework aspect verbs. Data collected from three corpus-informed textbooks show that there been being a change grammatical usage, specifically form In particular, traditional views s...

Our work on author identification and author profiling is based on the question: Can the number and the types of grammatical errors serve as indicators for a specific author or a group of people? In order to detect the grammatical errors we base our approach on the output of the open-source library LanguageTool. In the case of the author identification we transform the problem into a statistica...

One aspect of ontology learning methods is the discovery of relations in textual data. One kind of such relations are causal relations. Our aim is to discover causations described in texts such as recipes and manuals. There is a lot of research on causal relations discovery that is based on grammatical patterns. These patterns are, however, rarely discovered in textual instructions (such as rec...

The learning of a natural language is considered to be an important aspect of man-machine communication in human language. The methods of the Russian language knowledge representation and acquisition implemented in the experimental understanding system TULIPS-2 are described. These methods provides for understanding utterances that contain words and structures unknown to the system wherther the...

We investigate an aspect of the relationship between parsing and corpus-based methods in NLP that has received relatively little attention: coverage augmentation in rule-based parsers. In the specific task of determining grammatical relations (such as subjects and objects) in transcribed spoken language, we show that a combination of rule-based and corpus-based approaches, where a rule-based sy...

One of the most astonishing discovery of Chomsky [13] is the universal grammar which is a model of how human language works. The universal grammar is an innate combinatorial system from which every language, French, English, Japanese, can be derived. What is the implication of Chomsky’s universal grammar for grammatical inference? We think it gives a strong intuition for the mathematical modeli...

In this paper, we develop a novel approach to aspect term extraction based on unsupervised learning of distributed representations of words and dependency paths. The basic idea is to connect two words (w1 and w2) with the dependency path (r) between them in the embedding space. Specifically, our method optimizes the objective w1 + r ≈ w2 in the low-dimensional space, where the multihop dependen...

Embodied approaches to comprehension propose that understanding language entails performing mental simulations of its content. The evidence, however, is mixed. Action-sentence Compatibility Effect studies (Glenberg and Kaschak 2002) report mental simulation of motor actions during processing of motion language. But the same studies find no evidence that language comprehenders perform spatial si...

We present an investigation into the genotypephenotype map in Position Independent Grammatical Evolution (πGE). Previous studies have shown πGE to exhibit a performance increase over standard Grammatical Evolution (GE). The only difference between the two approaches is in how the genotype-phenotype mapping process is performed. GE uses a leftmost non terminal expansion, while πGE evolves the or...