Objective: The relationship between autoimmunity and allergy is well known. The immunoregulation can be modified towards T helper 2 dominance by cytokines and regulatory T cells, which participate in both diseases. Autoimmune thyroid diseases possess different immunoregulatory and sympathoadrenal activity, whose features can be reflected by their association with allergic attacks and the degree...

PURPOSE To investigate the immunohistochemical expression (IGF-1, EGFr, EGF, c-erbB-2/HER-2/neu, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, FGF and VEGF) in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. METHODS Twenty-four samples (Graves' ophthalmopathy patients) underwent lateral rectus muscle and surrounding fibrous and adipose tissue biopsy. The control group was obtained by strabismus surgery. Correlation between clinical...

OBJECTIVES To appraise the measurement properties of thyroid-specific health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) instruments and to provide recommendations on the choice of HRQOL instruments. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Systematic review of English-language literature published between 1993 and 2015 identified psychometric studies involving patients with thyroid disease through a search of Pubmed, W...

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of the orbital somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC (99mTc-TOC) to detect clinical stage of Graves’ ophthalmopathy and the response to corticosteroid therapy. The subjects of the experiment were 46 patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) and four volunteers without eye disease or GO as the normal group (NG). ...

The objective of the present study was to observe the therapeutic effect of radiation delivered via a 32P source on Graves' ophthalmopathy. A32P solution was injected into a 10-ml vacuum flask held inside a lead container. A window was cut in the lead, generating a treatment beam. Radiation was given to four areas: The upper and lower orbit (covering ~1/3 of the eyelid) and the inner and outer ...

Pixel-calibrated volume measurements of muscle and fat in the bony orbit were made from CT scans of 72 patients with Graves' disease, with and without ophthalmopathy, to define characteristic changes present in clinical subgroups. Measurement abnormalities were detected in 87% of Graves' patients with clinically detectable ophthalmopathy and in 70% of hyperthyroid patients without clinical eye ...

Aim: The risk factors and epidemiological data for Graves’ ophthalmopathy with and without abnormal circulating thyroid levels were examined to determine the relation of thyroid dysfunction to ophthalmopathy. Methods: The authors retrospectively evaluated 482 patients seen with Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Of these, 413 were classified as having abnormal levels of circulating thyroid hormone (ALTH) ...

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