Nutrition can control gastrointestinal (GI) tract growth at many stages of development. Fetal growth of the GI tract can be inhibited by restriction of the maternal diet, decrease of blood supply to the placenta, or partial obstruction of amniotic fluid swallowing. In most species there is an immature appearance of the GI mucosa that is characterized by large, long villi extending into the prox...

objective: silybin is a polyphenol with anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. the poor bioavailability of some polyphenols can be improved by binding to phosphatidylcholine. in recent years, studies have been conducted to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of silybin. we studied the effect of silybin and silybin-phosphatidylcholine on esr1 and esr2 gene expression and viability in the t47d brea...

This PhD thesis aims to examine the growth of T cells in response to cytokines of the common gamma chain (yc) family, in particular interleukin (IL)-2 and IL15. Cell growth is commonly used to describe cells in exponential division however the growth of a cell is defined by its size and volume, which is directly related to the rate of cell metabolism and protein synthesis. Naive T cells are sma...

mTOR is the target of the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin and the central component of a nutrientand hormone-sensitive signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation. We now appreciate that this pathway becomes deregulated in many human cancers and has an important role in the control of metabolism and aging. We have identified two distinct mTOR-containing proteins complexes, o...

To explore bidirectional regulatory interactions between interferons and autocrine polypeptide factors, we examined the modulation of expression of transforming growth factor-a and 2’,5’-oligoadenylate synthetase activity in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells after treatment with interferon-y and transforming growth factor-a. Treatment of A431 cells with interferon-y increased steady state levels ...

A large and diverse group of organic compounds is reported to "regulate" plant growth. Many of the determinations of growth regulation, however, do not measure the accelerating effects on growth but the inhibition of growth or toxicity effects. Such evidence does not suffice to identify the substances as growth regulators which may either accelerate or inhibit the growth process depending upon ...

We have formalized extracellular and intracellular volume interaction with each other and the influence of these processes on the type of cell growth. The linearized model was verified by stereo metric solution and the results were compared with experimental data. Two theoretical solutions were found: Solution 1, extracellular volume (ECV) was calculated to be about 23% of total body volume (TV...