Patients with high-grade Ta, T1, or carcinoma in situ non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are at high risk for recurrence and, more importantly, progression. Thus, both the American Urological Association and European Association of Urology recommend initial intravesical treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) followed by maintenance therapy for a minimum of 1 year. The complete res...

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis that is used widely as a vaccine for tuberculosis and is used as an effective treatment for superficial bladder carcinoma. Despite being the most successful cancer biotherapy, its mechanism of action and response determinants remain obscure. Here, we establish a model system to analyze BCG interaction with bladder canc...

Background: The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine has long been used for the prevention of tuberculosis (TB) around world. BCG is also as an immunotherapy agent treatment non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer. This scoping literature review and preliminary data analysis aims to summarize correlating infantile vaccination with incidence future Methods: Studies were identified by a form...

In studying "hemorrhagic necrosis" of tumors produced by endotoxin, it was found that the serum of bacillus Calmette--Guerin (BCG)-infected mice treated with endotoxin contains a substance (tumor necrosis factor; TNF) which mimics the tumor necrotic action of endotoxin itself. TNF-positive serum is as effective as endotoxin itself in causing necrosis of the sarcoma Meth A and other transplanted...

We present a rare case of tuberculous spondylitis following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy for bladder cancer. An 82-year-old man presented with low back pain. Past medical history revealed bladder cancer diagnosed and treated 16 months previously by intravesical BCG. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed destruction of the T5 and T6 vertebrae and an epidu...

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis that is used widely as a vaccine for tuberculosis and is used as an effective treatment for superficial bladder carcinoma. Despite being the most successful cancer biotherapy, its mechanism of action and response determinants remain obscure. Here, we establish a model system to analyze BCG interaction with bladder canc...

Intracavitary instillation of Tokyo 172 strain Bacillas Calmette-Guerin was performed on 39 patients with superficial bladder cancer after contact Nd:YAG laser irradiation for tumors. The BCG group received intravesical instillation of 80 mg BCG at two week intervals for 6 months. Recurrence occurred in 7 of the 39 patients. In the 7 recurrent cases instillation of BCG had been discontinued aft...

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is reported to suppress Th2 response and asthmatic reaction. Dendritic cells (DCs), the major antigen-presenting cells, infections with BCG are known to result in inducing various cytokines. Thus, DCs are likely to play a role in the effects of BCG on asthma. This study aims at investigating that cytokine milieu secreted by BCG-treated DCs directly enhances allerg...

Problem statement: Bladder cancer is a common urologic cancer and intravesical Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the mainstay in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. However, the current BCG therapy is not desirable with respect to its efficacy and side effects. Interleukin (IL)-10, a T helper type (Th) 2 cytokine, plays an important regulatory role in bladder cancer...