The challenges of lung cancer radiotherapy are intra/inter-fraction tumor/organ anatomy/motion changes and the need to spare surrounding critical structures. Evolving radiotherapy technologies, such as four-dimensional (4D) image-based motion management, daily on-board imaging and adaptive radiotherapy based on volumetric images over the course of radiotherapy, have enabled us to deliver higher...

Adaptive radiotherapy has been introduced to manage an individual's treatment by, including patient-specific treatment variation identified and quantified during the course of radiotherapy in the treatment planning and delivering optimization. Early studies have demonstrated that this technique could significantly improve the therapeutic ratio by safely reducing the large target margin that has...

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignancy worldwide, with more than 480,000 new patients diagnosed annually. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing, whereas the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma has not changed. According to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) statistics, the 5-year survival rate for esophageal carcinoma based on stage at diag...

The aim of this review is to explore the changing utility of radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with glioblastoma over the past 60 years. Together with surgery, radiotherapy has always been the cornerstone of treatment of glioblastoma, but techniques have significantly advanced over this time. The exploration of early two-dimensional techniques, investigation of dose escalation, concomit...

Recently, with the advent of linear accelerators equipped with on-board x-ray images and advanced imaging technologies, image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) has gained worldwide momentum in the radio therapeutic management of cancers in terms of volumetric information-based accurate tumor localization, real-time patient setup and margin reduction [1,2]. The involved technologies include digital rad...

Patients with left-sided breast cancer are at risk of cardiac toxicity because of cardiac irradiation during radiotherapy with the conventional 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy technique. In addition, many patients may receive chemotherapy prior to radiation, which may damage the myocardium and may increase the potential for late cardiac complications. New radiotherapy techniques such as in...

Radiotherapy is one of the treatment methods available for cancer patients. More than half all patients tre­ated with radiotherapy will experience radiodermatitis during their treatment. There are two commonly used scales to evaluate clinical manifestations: Common Terminology Criteria Adverse Events (CTCAE) and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale. According them, severity radiation d...

BACKGROUND Preclinical radiation biology has become increasingly sophisticated due to the implementation of advanced small animal image guided radiation platforms into laboratory investigation. These small animal radiotherapy devices enable state-of-the-art image guided therapy (IGRT) research to be performed by combining high-resolution cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging with an isoc...