The In-Ovo vaccination was first proved to be efficient for Marek’s vaccine by experiments performed by Sharma and Burmester in 1982. These authors demonstrated that chicks vaccinated In-Ovo at 18 days of embryo development against Marek’s Disease had better protection against virulent MD challenge carried out at 3 days of age as compared to those chicks vaccinated at hatch. At seven days of ag...

eries, water in egg-hatching or fry-rearing tanks may have a condition called “gas supersaturation” that is harmful to fish. Gas supersaturation means that the water contains more gas at a certain air (barometric) pressure and water temperature than would normally occur if the water was allowed to come to equilibrium with the atmosphere. Fish living in such waters may develop a stressful or let...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate (SCP) in improving the hatching success of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus when used as a prophylactic chemotherapeutant during egg incubation. In the first experiment, the efficacy of SCP was evaluated in 379-L aluminum incubation troughs similar to those used in commercial hatcheries. Egg masses trea...

A rapid diagnostic method for fry mortality syndrome is described. The method is based on immunofluorescence analysis of spleen imprints from diseased rainbow trout fry and utilizes rabbit antlserum prepared against Flexibacter psychrophilus. A low level of cross reactivity with Flexibacter columnans was observed but this can be avoided by absorbing the diagnostic antiserum with F columnans. Du...

17-α-methyltestosterone (MT) is a synthetic hormone used in fish hatcheries to induce male monosex. Snails hold promise as possible test models to assess chemicals acting on the endocrine system. Biomphalaria glabrata is an aquatic gastropod mollusk (Pulmonata, Planorbidae) that can be easily maintained in aquaria, predisposing the species for use in ecotoxicological testing. This study evaluat...

The effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcome measure for animal farming enterprises. We looked at how natural and anthropogenically induced ...

Live poultry-associated salmonellosis is an emerging public health issue in the United States. Public and animal health officials collaborated to investigate one of the largest (356 cases, 39 states) of these outbreaks reported to date. A case was defined as illness in a person infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium with illness onset between 1 March and 22 October 2013. Th...

Differences among eight commercial broiler strains in factors indicating susceptibility to ascites were investigated. Chicks from eight crosses were obtained from two hatcheries (one was obtained from both hatcheries to give a total of nine) and raised to 6 wk of age on commercially prepared rations containing 3,300 kcal/kg energy with 24% protein to 3 wk of age and 20% protein from 3 to 6 wk. ...

Population supplementation programs that release captive-bred offspring into the wild to boost the size of endangered populations are now in place for many species. The use of hatcheries for supplementing salmonid populations has become particularly popular. Nevertheless, whether such programs actually increase the size of wild populations remains unclear, and predictions that supplementation f...