BACKGROUND There is no cell line susceptible to hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection and capable of stable replication of its genome. Different genetic-based approaches have been introduced to initiate HDV replication events so far. METHODS In order to construct a replicative model for HDV made from a unique genome sequence, two monomeric units of HDV full-length cDNA were joined together throug...

RNA editing at the amber/W site plays a central role in the replication scheme of hepatitis delta virus (HDV), allowing the virus to produce two functionally distinct forms of the sole viral protein, hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg), from the same open reading frame. Editing is carried out by a cellular activity known as ADAR (adenosine deaminase), which acts on RNA substrates that are at least p...

To define the important cis-elements in hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA, the viral genome was mutated by a linker-scanning mutagenesis strategy that maintained the native rod-like structure of HDV RNA. Mutant HDV cDNAs or their corresponding RNA transcripts were transfected into a Huh-7-derived cell line which continuously expressed small hepatitis delta antigen to study the viral replication a...

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) encodes two proteins, the small delta antigen (SHDAg) and large delta antigen (LHDAg). The latter is identical to the former except for the presence of additional 19 amino acids at the C terminus. While SHDAg is required for HDV replication, LHDAg inhibits replication and, together with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is required for the assembly of HDV. The las...

The effect of acute L-alanyl-L-glutamine (AG) ingestion on selected hormonal and electrolyte measures was examined during repetitive, short duration, high intensity exercise with mild hypohydration. Subjects (20.3±1.1 yrs; 180.3±10.4 cm; 83.1±14.0 kg; 11.6±3.6% body fat) reported to the Human Performance Laboratory on four occasions. During each trial subjects were hypohydrated to -2.5% of thei...

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) to supply envelope proteins (HBsAg) for maturation and secretion. It is known that two proteins produced by HDV, the small (SDAg) and large (LDAg) antigens, are located in the nucleolus, speckles and the cytoplasm and are involved in genome replication and virion packaging. However, little is known about how t...

Accepted for publication 20 December 1991 Abstract The clinical course of 10 liver transplant recipients who had hepatitis B virus (HBV) and five recipients with HBV and D (delta) infection before transplantation is described. Six patients who underwent eight transplants died. The estimated one and two year survival rates in patients with HBV only before transplantation were 74% and 67% respect...

The clinical course of 10 liver transplant recipients who had hepatitis B virus (HBV) and five recipients with HBV and D (delta) infection before transplantation is described. Six patients who underwent eight transplants died. The estimated one and two year survival rates in patients with HBV only before transplantation were 74% and 67% respectively. The estimated one and two year survival in p...