MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs that bind to their complimentary sequences in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of the target mRNAs that prevent their translation into the corresponding proteins. Since miRs are strongly expressed in cells of inner ear and play a role in regulating their differentiation, survival and function, alterations in their expression may be...

Hearing impairment is common in patients with mitochondrial disorders, affecting over half of all cases at some time in the course of the disease. In some patients, deafness is only part of a multisystem disorder. By contrast, there are also a number of "pure" mitochondrial deafness disorders, the most common probably being maternally inherited. We retrospectively analyzed the last 60 genetical...

Introduction: According to World Health Organization (WHO) 2001 statistics, hearing disorders are the most common congenital disease, and the incidence rate among high-risk newborns is as much as ten times as high as that in healthy neonates. However, 78% of screening test failures are well-baby nursery babies. The Joint Committee on Infants’ Hearing (JCIH) has emphasized the importance of earl...

Patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders may have visceral sensory dysfunction so that physiological stimuli induce their symptoms. The clinical significance of altered perception—that is, its relation to clinical symptoms—remains unclear. Data indicate that sensory dysfunction is associated with altered reflex activity. Hence evidence of combined sensory-reflex dysfunction as a comm...

Changes in the sensory environment modify our sensory experience and may result in experience-related or learning-induced reorganization within the central nervous system. Hearing aids change the sensory environment by stimulating a deprived auditory system; therefore, they may be capable of inducing changes within the central auditory system. Examples of studies that have shown hearing aid ind...

IMPORTANCE The association between childhood hearing disorders and adult tinnitus has not been examined in longitudinal cohort studies. OBJECTIVES To determine the association between different types of childhood hearing loss and tinnitus in adulthood and evaluate whether tinnitus risk is mediated by adult hearing loss. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Population-based cohort study of 32 4...

Chronic tinnitus can often be temporally associated with a loss of sensorineural hearing. However, also occur in people normal hearing and thus arise without traceable disorder the inner ear. In present study, we tested whether fine-structure audiometry or high-resolution measurement otoacoustic emissions reveal evidence inner-ear-related disorders that remain undetected by conventional manual ...

introduction: the aim of this case report was to investigate the relationship between sleep disorders and audio vestibular symptoms.   case report: a case of undiagnosed sleep disorder, presenting as a temporary auditory processing difficulty, is presented. the disorder was initially treated as sudden deafness with dizziness. a 23-year-old male patient complained of acute hearing disturbance de...