in the recent issue of middle east journal of digestive diseases, we read with great interest the article by bahari et al. 1 , “significance of response to hepatitits b vaccine in subjects with isolated antibody to hepatitis b core antigen”. we wanted to specify some important matters related to the article.

conclusions genotype d was the main genotype detected in romanian patients with chronic hbv infection. genotype d presented both bcp and pc mutations more frequently. results we detected two hbv genotypes; a (8.1%) and d (60.5%), and a mixture of genotypes a and d (31.4%) (p < 0.001). basal core promoter (bcp) a1762t/g1764a and precore (pc) g1896a mutations were detected in these romanian patie...

conclusions association with sex, genotype and clinical symptoms revealed that the pre-s1 orf deletion occurred in 40% , 40%,and 20% of genotypes b,c, and d respectively, and 80% of the female population, of which all but one were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis b. additionally, several mutations were found in the bcp region with the following incidence rate; c1653 t (8.6%), a1752 g (10.8%),17...

background the impact of hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccination campaigns on hbv epidemiology needs to be evaluated, in order to assess the long-term immunity offered by vaccines against hbv. objectives to evaluate the current status of anti-hbv vaccine coverage among healthcare workers (hcws) in southern italy, and to determine the long-term persistence of antibodies to hepatitis b surface antige...

background: the household transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major health problem. high incidence of hbv infection is observed within the household contacts of hbv carriers. we aimed to evaluate serological markers of hepatitis b infection among family members of hbv carriers in arak, central iran. methods: data were collected from the 100 chronic hbv carriers (subjects with positive ...

background and aims: chronic hbv infection is one of the most common viral infections in worldwide which many factors such as genetic factors are involved in pathogenesis of disease. gamma interferon (ifn-γ) and its receptor (infgr) play a critical role in the immune response to hbv infection. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are effective on level of gene expression, the aim of this stud...

introduction: hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a serious global public health problem affecting billions of people globally. the lack of information of its seroprevalence among the general population is an obstacle for formulating effective policies to reduce the burden viral hepatitis. therefore, this population based serological survey was conducted in kurdistan province, where no epidemi...

background immune cells and molecules play a vital role in initiating, maintaining, and regulating immunological homeostasis and inflammation in many pathological and physiological processes; however, the changes on expressions and functions of these cells and molecules in hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection has not been elucidated well. conclusions cxcr3-associated chemokines might contribute to...

results genotype b (73.6%) and genotype c (26.4%) were detected in these patients. after treatment for 12 months, the rate of hbv dna seroclearance, alt normalization, and hbeag seroconversion were significantly higher in adv group than in placebo group (p < 0.05). however, there were no significant differences in these three rates between patients infected with genotype b and c (p > 0.05). obj...