BACKGROUND Intravenous administration of a third-generation cephalosporin is optimal antibiotic treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. AIMS To compare an intravenous-oral step-down schedule with ciprofloxacin (switch therapy) to intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and to evaluate the impact of terlipressin and albumin in the treatment of ty...

BACKGROUND False-positive and false-negative results occur in current newborn-screening programs for hepatorenal tyrosinemia, which measure tyrosine concentrations in blood spots, sometimes in combination with other metabolites, including succinylacetone. We present our experience with a newly described method for succinylacetone quantification in routine newborn screening. METHODS Succinylac...

BACKGROUND Succinylacetone (SUAC) is the primary metabolic marker for hepatorenal tyrosinemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used results reported for dried-blood-spot proficiency testing (PT) specimens and hepatorenal tyrosinemia patients' newborn screening (NBS) samples to demonstrate analytic biases in SUAC recoveries and differences in presumptive clinical classifications. RESULTS SUAC recov...

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a form of functional renal failure occurring in patients with advanced liver disease. Hypoperfusion of the kidney, due to renal vasoconstriction, is the main feature of HRS. Conversely, the extrarenal circulation is characterized by low systemic resistance, especially occurring in splanchnic vessels, and arterial hypotension. It has been postulated that renal vasoc...

Association of APOL1 variants with mild kidney disease in the first-degree relatives of African American patients with non-diabetic end-stage renal disease. et al. Genome-wide association scan for diabetic nephropathy susceptibility genes in type 1 diabetes. Sir, We have read with great interest the manuscript from Davenport et al. [1], concerning the medical management of patients with hepator...

Aside from the many metabolic and synthetic functions of the liver, it also plays a crucial part in the maintenance of other organ systems. This is why any alterations in its functions, such as in liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension can result in detrimental effects on the major organs and tissues remote from the liver such as the lungs, heart, and kidneys. Although liver diseases can affec...

Studies were carried out in (logs and rabbits subjected to hemorrhagic and tourniquet shock to determine the tissue origins of two newly described vasotropic principles, VEM and VDM. The vasoexcitor principle, VEI\, predominates in the blood during the initial compensatory stage and was traced to the kidney. The vasodepressor principle, VD-M, prevails during the decompensatory phase and w-as fo...