The relationship between bill morphology and preening behaviour was studied in 11 species of waders. On the assumption that species with long bills might be less efficient at preening than birds with short bills, the hypothesis was tested that long-billed species devoted more time to preening than short-billed species. Results showed a positive relationship between bill length and time spent pr...

Chaque annee, debut octobre, la ville de Magdalena Kino, dans le Sonora mexicain, fete son saint patron : un Francois-Xavier habille en Francois. C’est que souvenir posterieur des missionnaires franciscains s’est mele a figure, glorifiee, du heros fondateur, jesuite Eusebio Francisco Kino – a qui l’on attribue l’etablissement premieres missions catholiques parmi les populations yaqui, pima et p...

Ces deux volumes offerts au specialiste de la Geste des Lorrains rassemblent cinquante-six etudes consacrees principalement Hainaut medieval et a litterature epique; organisees par ordre alphabetique, les contributions sont precedees biographie bibliographie du dedicataire. Quarante-trois concernent section «Medioevo». En s’appuyant sur une selection d’extraits mettant en valeur vie quotidienne...

â  a geographical dimension in the poetry of de’bil al- khozaee â  â  abdul rasoul ghaffari * â  â abstractâ in this article, we attempt to study de'bil al-khozaee's poetry. we find him a person who travelled a lot around the west and the east of islamic world. in his journey, he acquired knowledge, belles-letters, morals and also wealth. what is important for us in this research is...

The quote above from the poem Ithaka by K. Kavafis is based on Homer’s Odyssey (8th century BC) and focuses on Odysseus’ journey to return to his kingdom in Ithaka (Greek: Ιθάκη, Ithaki) after the Troy war. Odysseus encounters numerous challenges, hardships, setbacks, but also beautiful new experiences, knowledge, and wisdom during this long voyage. Kavafis describes a journey that is both Odys...

jalal al-e-ahmad relying on the popular and lively language of his society has used a unique and dynamic language in his works. this unique feature has reached to its summit in the school principal in which the characters from each social class in the story use the language of the same class in the real society. in order to reach a deeper understanding of this masterpiece, this article compares...

Recent recordings of place field activity in rodent hippocampus have revealed correlates of current, recent past, and imminent future events in spatial memory tasks. To analyze these properties, we used a brain-based device, Darwin XI, that incorporated a detailed model of medial temporal structures shaped by experience-dependent synaptic activity. Darwin XI was tested on a plus maze in which i...

This paper describes a technique for estimating vehicle journey times on non-signalised roads using 250-ms digital loop-occupancy data produced by single inductive loop detectors. The technique was assessed to see whether abnormal periods of traffic congestion (caused by accidents and special events) could be identified using the journey time estimates produced along a key urban corridor in the...