It was proved that a judicious choice of counteranion played a prominent role in Cu(II) catalysis for enantioselective boron conjugate additions in water; the use of Cu(OH)2 renders heterogeneous catalysis, whereas Cu(OAc)2 renders homogeneous catalysis; cyclic dienones underwent a remarkable switch of regioselectivity between 1,4- and 1,6-modes of the additions through these catalyses.

Electron Microscope is popular and powerful techniques used to characterize heterogeneous catalysts. In heterogeneous catalysis, frequently used catalysts are metal particles supported on an oxidic material. The size of the metal particles plays a crucial role for the catalyst efficiency, and the determination of size distribution is one of the main tasks of electron microscopy in catalysis. Th...

The synthesis of magnetically separable quasi-homogeneous base catalyst and heterogeneous base catalyst is described. The quasi-homogeneous catalyst is achieved by supporting silane monomers functionalized with different amine groups directly on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles. The heterogeneous catalyst is prepared via a sol-gel process in which silane monomers containing different amin...

Translation of homogeneous catalysis into heterogeneous catalysis is a promising solution to green and sustainable development in chemical industry. For this purpose, noble metal nanoparticles represent a new frontier in catalytic transformations. Many challenges remain for researchers to transform noble metal nanoparticles of heterogeneous catalytic active sites into ionic species of homogeneo...

The review article shows the evolutionary path that turnover frequency (TOF) and number (TON) have passed from “Boreskov`s Rule” to their modern definitions. From equation catalysis rate, second method for calculating TOF is obtained using characteristics of catalyst material. Was prooved possibility obtaining in two ways - process reagents. equivalence methods calculation proved. It turned out...