Routing algorithm plays a critical role in determining the performance and reliability of a satellite network. Since the resources in satellite networks are constrained, it is a big challenge to find paths that satisfy all QoS requirements in a low cost for satellite network users. In this paper, a novel routing scheme together with two multi objective optimization routing algorithms-prior orde...

Sensor networks and satellite constellations face a number of challenges for reliable and robust communications. Increasingly heterogeneous nodes and a multitude of new emerging Earth science applications put additional restrictions on throughput and delay requirements. These problems are further aggravated by energy and bandwidth constraints on the network nodes. Quality of service and perform...

Automatic identification and localization of cartographic objects in aerial and satellite images have gained increasing attention in recent years in digital photogrammetry and remote sensing. Although the automatic extraction of man made objects in essence is still an unresolved issue, the man made objects can be extracted from aerial photos and satellite images. Recently, the high-resolution s...

Studies have shown that packet reordering is common, especially in satellite networks where there are link level retransmissions and multipath routing. Moreover, satellite networks exhibit high corruption rates causing packet losses. Reordering and corruption of packets decrease the TCP performance of a network, mainly because it leads to overestimation of the congestion in the network. We cons...

The articles in this special section focus on blockchain deployment future networks and vertical industries. Blockchain has been successfully applied into a number of sectors, including finance, energy, logistics supply chains, due to its ability creating tamper-proof digital ledger transactions the resulting novel trust mechanisms. Future will be heterogeneous, connecting together satellite, 5...

Studies have shown that packet reordering is common, especially in satellite networks where there are link level retransmissions and multipath routing. Moreover, traditional satellite networks exhibit high corruption rates causing packet losses. Reordering and corruption of packets decrease the TCP performance of a network, mainly because it leads to overestimation of the congestion in the netw...

urban expansion model (uem) was adapted to simulate urbanization which implements geospatial information systems (gis), artificial neural networks (anns) and remote sensing (rs). two satellite imageries with specific time interval, socio-economic and environmental variables have been employed in order to simulate urban expansion. socio-economic and environmental variables were used as inputs wh...

Remote sensing has changed modern oceanography by proving synoptic periodic data which can be processed. Since the satellite data are usually too much and nonlinear, in most cases, it is difficult to distinguish the patterns from these images. In fact, SOM (Self-Organizing Maps) model is a type of ANN (Artificial Neural Network) that has the ability to distinguish the efficient patterns from th...

Many planned Earth observation satellite missions use distributed satellite systems in constellation or cluster orbits instead of one, large satellite with many instruments. This network of satellites and ground stations allows data to be efficiently downlinked. However, to create a networking protocol for constellations of small Earth observing satellites, several limitations need to be addres...

Equivalent bandwidth (EqB) is defined as the minimum service rate to be provided to a traffic buffer to guarantee a certain degree of Quality of Service (QoS) in terms of objective parameters (packet loss, delay, jitter). EqB techniques are usually obtained analytically for homogeneous traffic trunks, with respect to a single QoS constraint. Modern network solutions (e.g., DiffServ edge routers...