A new current mirror with accurate mirror gain for low β transistors is presented. The new current mirror employs a cascoded output stage to provide high output impedance. High mirror gain accuracy is achieved by using a split-collector transistor to compensate for base currents of the source-coupled transistor pair. The split factor is dependent on the desired mirror gain and the nominal β value.

In this brief, a novel filtering impedance transformer with good selectivity and high termination is proposed, of which close-formed design equations are derived effectively verified. Then, dual-band dual-output power amplifier (PA) operating at 2.4-2.6 GHz 3.4-3.6 designed based on the proposed transformer. The PA contains diplexer-like output matching network, can separate two band signals in...

In recent years, impedance measurement method by piezoelectric (PZT) wafer activesensor (PWAS) has been widely adopted for non-destructive evaluation (NDE). In this method, theelectrical impedance of a bonded PWAS is used to detect a structural defect. The electro-mechanicalcoupling of PZT materials constructs the original principle of this method. Accordingly, the electricalimpedance of PWAS c...

1. Cardiac output measured by transthoracic impedance cardiography has been compared with simultaneous measurements made by the indirect Fick CO2 rebreathing method in nine adults and 14 children. All were healthy normal volunteers. Sixty-six comparisons were made at rest and during steady exercise at work loads up to 100 W. 2. Impedance measurements of cardiac output were consistently higher t...

Linear AC power supplies can be replaced by their nonlinear switching counterparts due to the lower voltage drops and higher efficiency and power density of switching-mode inverters. Multilevel cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converters are the preferred inverter structure because of modular configuration, control, and protection. The output voltage quality in CHB converters depends on the number of ou...

In this paper it is shown that active-RC filters can be designed to have low-sensitivity to passive components and at the same time possess low output thermal noise. The design procedure of low-noise and low-sensitivity, positive-feedback, secondand third-order low-pass allpole filters, using impedance tapering, has already been published. The noise analysis in this paper was extended to the hi...

Mismatch error is one of the major contributions to measurement uncertainty in RF & Microwave calibration. When a signal source is used in calibration applications, knowledge of the output impedance (or source VSWR) is necessary to enable users to estimate the mismatch uncertainty contribution when performing their measurement uncertainty calculations. However, measuring the output match of an ...

This paper describes a charge pump system for flexible thermoelectric generator (TEG). Even though the TEG has high-output impedance, controls input voltage to keep it higher than minimum operating by modulating impedance of using two-phase operation with low- and high-input modes. The average can be matched output TEG. How designed is also described in detail. A design demonstration was perfor...